ROMAN FARM MANAGEMENT: THE TREATISES OF CATO AND VARRO TEXT

Benson, William, edition of _Georgics_ by, quoted Birds, manure of Blackbirds, houses for keeping Blackstone, opinion by, cited Bleat, etymology of word Blood, use of, in composts Boars, advice concerning altering; wild Boissier, Gaston quoted and cited _Boke of Husbandry_, Fitzherbert's Bologna sausages Bones, remedy for injuries to Borden, Spencer, _The Arab Horse_ by, quoted Boundaries, protection of farm Buffon, quotations from cited Bugs, recipe for exterminating Buildings on farm C Cabbage, Cato's advocacy of the planting seeding Cakes, recipes for Calendar of agricultural operations Capons, chickens called method of caponizing cocks _Caprae_, goats, derivation of word _Capreolus_, a spiral tendril Cascate delle Marmore Casinum, Varro's estate of Cassius, quoted Cassius Dionysius Cat, the modern household, unknown to Varro Cato, Marcus Porcius the _De re rustica_ of literary style of, compared with Varro Cats, contrasted with dogs in relations with man Cattle, leaves as fodder for feeding of care of number and selection of, for a farm honour paid to, in naming Zodiacal signs and the constellations advice on breeding and feeding number of, to be kept advice on neat cattle _Centuria_, defined Chaff, derivation of word Cheese, varieties and qualities of Cheese cake Chestnuts as food in Italy Child, R., quoted Cicero, quoted concerning Varro verse from Cleaning grain Clement-Mullet, J.J., translation by Climate, choice of, in buying a farm connection between conformation of land and Clover, advice on seeding Coburn, book on alfalfa by Colours of horses, significance of Columella cited on ploughing rules about the compost heap on soil improvement with legumes on dangers from mosquitoes on alfalfa quoted _Comedy of Errors_, origin of Compost heap, rules concerning the Concrete, fences of Conformation of land, effect of, on agriculture Constellations, names of cattle given to Coots Corn, structure of plant storing _See_ Grain Corn land as distinguished from plough land Corsican honey Cotton seed, utilization of Country life, antiquity of Cowper and Cowley, lines by Crescenzi, Pietro, cited Cultivating time Curing hams Cuttage of plants Cyrrhestes, Tower of the Winds built by D Dante, quotation from Darwin, Charles, _Animals and Plants_ by quoted on dormice Dates, eating preserved _Denarius_, value of the Dennis, _Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria_ by, quoted _De re rustica_, Cato's Desmolins, Edmond, cited Dickson, Andrew, quoted cited Diophanes of Bithynia Disease in cattle, and remedies Dislocations of bones, remedy for Dogs, watch herd Donaldson's _Agricultural Biography_, quoted Dondlinger, _Book of Wheat_ by, quoted Dormice, enclosures for, feeding, etc. Draining period for Draught animals on farm number and choice of Dry farming Ducks, housing, care of, etc. Dunghill fowl Dusting yard for poultry E Eggs, the first course in Roman dinners barren number for setting preserving Elm trees, planting of for marking boundaries Endive, as food for geese Ensilage, question of use of, by ancients Equipment of a farm F Fallow, as managed by the Romans Farm, buying a laying out of the stocking the as a source of both profit and pleasure effect of conformation of the land effect of character of the soil Farm hands, allowances for selection, treatment, number of, etc., _Farrago_, mixed fodder as food for geese Feast days, observance of Feed racks, construction of Fences Ferrero, cited Field crops, planting of Figs, season for propagating eating preserved Fining the soil Fishes, feeding and care of Fish ponds fresh-water and salt-water number of, on one estate Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony quoted; cited on combining two kinds of husbandry on greasing of sheep Flock masters, duties of Forage, derivation from _farrago_ Forage crops Foremen of farm hands, qualifications of Fowl. _See_ Poultry Fowler, _Social Life at Rome_ by, quoted France, yields of wine in Freemen as agricultural labourers Fruits, preserving time for using stored Furlong, derivation of G Game preserves Gauls, pre-eminence of, in growing and making of pork high qualities as shepherds Geese, selection of, breeding, care, etc. Geldings, horses called _Geoponica_, the; cited _Georgics_, Virgil's, passages based on information from Varro Gestation, periods of Gleaning of grain fields _Gluma_, etymology of word Goats, as foes of agriculture characteristics, breeding and handling milk of; use of hair and skins of; shearing of Googe, Barnaby, translation of Heresbach by Graftage of plants Grain, advice on seeding storing of cleaning, when taken out of storage time for marketing Granaries, varieties of _Granum_, etymology of word Grapes, harvesting of advice on storing Grapevines, trellises and props for Grazing, to be distinguished from agriculture Greek writers on agriculture Green manuring Guano Guinea fowl H _Haeredium_, defined Hair, removal of superfluous Hams, recipes for curing and cooking Hares, varieties of _See_ Rabbits Harte, Walter, _Essays on Husbandry_ by on alfalfa quoted Hartlib, Samuel quoted on pasture _vs._ arable land Harvester, ancient forerunners of the modern Harvest time Hay, harvesting the storing of Haymaking Health, location of farm steading with regard to Healthfulness of farms, importance of Hedges, myrtle Heliotrope, habits of the Hens Herd dogs Heresbach, Conrad, cited Herrick, Robert, quoted Hesiod quoted and cited Hinnies Hives for bees, location and structure inventors of modern devices Hogs Homer, quoted on use of mules Honey, Sicilian and Corsican profits from removal of, from hive Honeycomb, structure of the Horace, cited quoted Horses, oxen _vs._ manure of breeding, feeding, care of, etc. House for residence on farm Housekeeper, duties of the I Ibn-al-Awam, book of agriculture by Implements, farming Inarching, propagation by Incantations as cures Interamna, town of Iowa, farming in Bavaria and Italy, agriculture in modern J Johnson, Samuel, on Harte's _Husbandry_ quoted on Shenstone Joigneaux, P., on yields of wine in France Jones, W.H., on malaria in the Roman Campagna _Jugerum_, defined _Jugum_, defined Jungle fowl K Kames, Lord, quoted Keil, quoted cited Keller, cited _Kitab al-felahah_ of Ibn-al-Awam L Labourers, agricultural Lanciani, cited Land, effect of conformation of, on agriculture Leaves as fodder for cattle Legumes, soil improvement with storing _Leporaria_ Library, public, at Rome Literature of farm management, ancient Live stock, feeding care of origin and importance of husbandry of _See_ Cattle Lombardy, agriculture in ancient and modern M Machiavelli, quoted Maeterlinck, quoted on dogs on the antique lore of bees on the mathematics of the honeycomb on the queen bee's life on the nearness of the bee-stand to the dwelling-house Mago the Carthagenian, treatise on farm management by quoted Varro's account of _Maison Rustique_, cited and quoted Malaria in Roman Campagna Manure, preparation of best kinds of Manure pits, arrangement of Manuring, importance of green Maremma sheep dogs Mares, use of, for war horses milk of Market day among the Romans Marl, use of, as manure Marrying the vine Martial, quotation from Meadows, protection of irrigated, of Lombardy Measurement of land, units of area used in Mile, the Roman Military fences Milk and milking, advice on Minerval, a Mitchell, Donald G. Mommsen, quoted Montesquieu, quoted Moon, influence of, on agriculture Moryson, Fynes, quoted Mosquitoes, perception by Varro of damages from Mules, remarks on foaling by uses, care of, etc. Murray, Gilbert, translation of Euripides by Must cake Myers, F.W.H., cited N Neat cattle, buying, breeding, feeding, etc. Neighbourhood, considerations of, in locating farm Neighbours, treatment of one's _Nummus_, a "nickel," _Nundinum_, the Roman week Nurseries, protection of Nuts, eating preserved O Oaks, effect of, on olive trees _Oboerati_, class of bondservants called _Ocinum_, basil Oil, manufacture of, from olives Oil-making implements Olive farm, number of hands for working an Olives, allowances of, for farm hands reasons for growth in Attica effect of oaks in neighbourhood of advice on planting propagating from truncheons harvesting of methods of preserving eating preserved Olive salad Onager, wild ass Orchards laying out and planting of olive _Ornithones_ _See_ Aviaries Ortolans, houses for keeping Overseer duties of the location of room of Ovid, quoted Oxen selling of worn-out comparison of horses and care of hoofs of treatment of sick number of, suitable for a farm qualities of, to be considered breaking of respect in which held by ancient Romans P Palladius quoted on the Gallic harvester _Palma_, palm Partridges Pastures care of _vs_. arable land Pâté de foie gras, known and prized by Romans Peacocks, discussion of Perfumes among the Romans Persius, cited Petrarch on Varro on the loss of Varro's books Philippus, L. Marcius Pigeon houses Pigeons manure of kinds and care of Pigs, weanling, called "sacred" Planting field crops olives vines time of Plants four methods of propagating transplanting cuttage graftage inarching time for using different methods of propagation mechanical action of Plautus _Menaechmi_ of quoted Plautius Pleasure as a main purpose of agriculture Pliny quoted use of marl as manure noted by on the Gallic harvester cited Pliny the Younger, study in garden of Ploughing, importance of thorough of rotten land Plough land, as distinguished from corn land Polecats Pollio, Asinius, library at Rome founded by Polybius, quoted Pome fruits, storing Pomegranates, preserving Poultry, kinds, feeding, and care of Poultry houses Protection of nurseries and meadows Prothero, quoted Punning, Varro's use of Pythagoras Q Quail, houses for keeping migrations of Queen bees, recency of knowledge about Quinces, storing Quintilian, on Varro R Rabbits, warrens for breeding and feeding of derivation of Latin name for Racking wine Reate, asses from Recipes _Rerum Rusticarum_ of Varro Virgil's indebtedness to Rest room for farm hands Ridgeway, quoted on markings of horses Ridging land, custom of Rogers, Thorold, quoted Roman fever Rome, insecurity of life in ancient Rosea, drainage of, by artificial canals Rosean breed of horses Rotten land, precautions regarding S Sacred pigs Salad, olive Salt, allowance of, for farm hands _Saltus_, defined Salutations, Greek, as used by Romans Saserna, as a writer on agriculture quoted on number of farm hands necessary on securing allegiance of dogs Sausages Scab among sheep and cattle Scratches in horses, remedy for Scratching pen for hens _Scripulum_, defined Scrofa, Tremelius origin of name Sea birds, manure of Seasons, agricultural Seed, selection of Seed bed, preparing the Sellar, cited Seneca, on Virgil's farming _Sestertius_, value of the Sheep, value of, for their manure buying of feeding, breeding, and care of shearing of Sheep dogs Shepherds, distinguished from farmers number and kind of, requisite purchase of slaves for life of Sicilian honey Silos Size of farm Slaves, selling of old and sick importance of food to contentment of selection of, for farm hands number of, for operating a farm buying, to act as shepherds Snails, recipe for preparing cooked method of keeping in enclosures varieties of fattening of Snakebite, remedy for Soil, improvement of effect of character of, on agriculture different kinds of fining the Solar measure of year Solomon, quotation on ploughing from Sour land, treatment of Sowing, period for Spring ploughing Squabs Stables for live stock Steading, building a husbandry of the development of the industries of the Stamen, etymology of Stocking a farm Storing crops Strabo, inventor of aviaries cited Straw, derivation of word Swine, selecting, feeding, breeding, etc. T Tarquinii, ancient Etruscan city Taylor, John, _Arator_ by, quoted Teals Teeth, telling age of animals by the _Terra_, different senses of word Thales of Miletus Thebes, derivation of name Theophrastus, works by cited quoted on honey of Corsica Thessalian horses Thinning vines Threshing Threshing floor, the Thrushes, profits from houses for keeping Tillage, advice on Time, standards of the Roman week Tools, farming Toulouse, production of pâté de foie gras in Transplanting Transportation, importance of ease of Trellises in vineyards Trumpet, training hogs to obey sound of assembling wild boars and roebucks by the Tull, Jethro Turkeys, fattening effect of introduction into Europe, on geese Turtle doves, housing and care of V Varro, Marcus Terentius the _Rerum Rusticarum_ of works of, besides _Rerum Rusticarum_, activities of, in war against pirates estate and museum of Vegetable gardens _Versus_, the, defined Vetch, derivation of name Veterinary science of ancient Romans Villa, discussion of the Roman Vines, for marking farm boundaries advice on planting thinning Vineyards, the maintenance of implements for Vintage, work of the Virgil indebtedness of, to Varro formula for testing sour land by advice on ploughing cited on colours of horses Vitruvius, quoted on Cyrrhestes' Tower of the Winds W Walnut trees, effect of, on surrounding land Walter of Henley quoted on use of marl as manure Warrens, defined Watch dogs, 116 Water for cattle Water supply for a steading Weaning, of young cattle of lambs Weanling pigs Week, the Roman Wheat, seeding yields of structure of plant harvesting of Wild asses Wild boars, keeping of, in game preserves Wind, impregnating of mares by the Wind breaks for olive orchards Wine, cabbage as an offset to effects of allowances of, for farm hands yields of, in ancient Italy racking, 173 used in cramming fowls Winnowing Winnowing basket, use of, for a cradle Winter ploughing Wood pigeons, cramming and fattening Wool, shearing sheep for X Xenophon, as a writer on agriculture quoted Y Year, solar measure of the Young, Arthur inscription on tombstone of wife fences recommended by on necessary number of farm labourers Z Zeno of Citium Zodiacal signs, honour paid to cattle in End of Project Gutenberg's Roman Farm Management, by Marcus Porcius Cato