SPECIAL REPORT ON DISEASES OF CATTLE TEXT

United States Bureau of Animal Industry · 1908 · 1.5 MB PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK BOOK DETAILS DOWNLOAD

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Page 1 2 matches ke (_Fasciola magna_) 526 21. Portion of grass stalk bearing three encysted cercariÊ of the common liver fluke (_Fasciola hepatica_) Page 3 2 matches ey are frequently attached to the wall of the pharynx by a pedicel or stalk, it will be seen that they may readily be displaced in different directions so as to produce the symptoms be Page 4 2 matches ength may be very great. There is no appetite, no rumination, nor peristalsis. The mouth is hot and sticky, the eyes have receded in their sockets, and milk secretion has ceased. In su Page 5 1 match be carefully selected to insure good quality. Complete rest in a box stall is desirable. When diarrhea is a symptom of a malady characterized by the presence of a blood poison, the tr Page 6 1 match Symptoms._--This disease, although rare, occurs most frequently among stall-fed cattle. Pressure along the margin of the short ribs on the right side produces pain; the appetite is poo Page 8 2 matches ion. In the stomach even greater damage is likely to be done. The peristaltic action of the esophagus carries the irritant along quickly, but here it remains quiet in contact with one Page 9 2 matches ss appear. Similar precautions should be used in grazing kafir. CORNSTALK DISEASE. Considerable losses of cattle have occurred when they were turned upon cornfields in the fall. Dea Page 13 1 match EURODYNIA. Pleurodynia is a term applied to rheumatism of the intercostal muscles, the apparent symptoms being very similar to those of pleurisy. The animal is stiff, is not inclined Page 14 3 matches body, especially the hind part, may be leaned against the side of the stall or stable, as if for support. The bowels are constipated; the urine, when passed, is small in quantity and d Page 15 1 match t, so that they render the liquid cloudy or are deposited in solid crystals. The liquid is rendered transparent by nitric acid. The cow's urine, on a diet of hay and potatoes, contain Page 16 1 match urine passed may likewise lead to suspicion. It may be white, from crystallized carbonate of lime; brown, red, or even black, from the presence of blood or blood-coloring matter; yello Page 17 2 matches ndered opaque by entangled earthy granules (carbonate of lime), or crystals of some other urinary salts. In still other cases the casts entangle clear, refrangent globules of oil or fa Page 18 4 matches y made up of the solid earthy constituents of the urine which have crystallized out of that liquid at some part of the urinary passage, and have remained as small particles (gravel), o Page 19 16 matches t it enters the urine, but all that is wanted to precipitate it in crystalline form as a gritty sand is the presence of oxalic or other acid having a stronger affinity for its base (po Page 20 1 match ir at the opening of the prepuce. It may further be observed that the stall remains dry and that the animal has not been seen to pass water when out of doors. The tail may at times be Page 21 1 match n the form of gravel. The decomposing ammoniacal urine, the gritty crystals precipitated from it, and the fetid, rancid, sebaceous matter set up inflammation in the delicate mucous mem Page 22 3 matches en by laxatives, if need be, if the owner would avoid milk fever. Her stall should not incline downward from shoulder to croup, lest the pressure of the abdominal organs should produce Page 23 9 matches hat it may easily cause abortion in a predisposed animal. Keeping in stalls that slope too much behind (more than 2 inches) acts in the same way, the compression from lying and the gr Page 24 1 match d keep up in a weak and insufficient manner for many hours, until the stall Page 29 1 match to cut through the connections of the ribs with the breastbone (the costal cartilages) close to the breastbone on each side, and from the abdomen forward to the neck. Then cut through Page 30 1 match described above. Such additional precautions as keeping the cow in a stall higher behind than in front, and seeing that the diet is slightly laxative and nonstimulating may be named. Page 31 2 matches of digestion, and which have been fed heavily at the time. Hence the stall-fed, city-dairy cow, and the farm cow on a rich clover pasture in June or July are especially subject. The c Page 32 3 matches ongestive form there is sudden dullness, languor, hanging back in the stall, or drooping the head, uneasy movements of the hind limbs or tail; if the cow is moved, she steps unsteadily Page 33 3 matches ow, which had waded through a depth of semiliquid manure to reach her stall, died within 24 hours. _Treatment._--Treatment varies with the type and the stage of the disease. If the ca Page 37 1 match ffection is rest, which is best enforced by keeping the animal in the stall and placing strong, muslin bandages about the inflamed joint. As in the sprain of the shoulder, cold water i Page 38 1 match not transmitted to the injured bones. The patient should have a roomy stall, and should be tied by the head to prevent any attempts to move around. In some cases slings have been used. Page 39 2 matches made as comfortable as possible by being placed in a well-bedded box stall and a few days permitted to elapse before the case is abandoned. The symptoms last described may possibly be Page 40 1 match nd environment. The animal should be quartered in a large, clean, dry stall, with plenty of light and fresh air, but protected from strong drafts. There should be an abundance of clean Page 44 1 match d atmosphere. Again, we may find one that does all its rubbing in the stall. We may look for lice, but fail to find them. These conditions are generally attributable to high feeding an Page 47 1 match r, a watery fluid inclosed in a chamber behind the cornea; (2) the crystalline lens and its capsule, a transparent, soft solid of a biconvex form, and placed behind the iris; (3) the v Page 48 2 matches healing without any treatment at all. CATARACT. In cataract the crystalline lens becomes opaque and loses its transparency, the power of refraction is lost--the animal can not see. Page 50 2 matches this rule should apply to all disinfections--the disinfected stables, stalls, etc., should remain vacant as long as possible before cattle are again stabled therein. (4) Mercuric chlo Page 54 1 match robably mistaken in a great many instances for anthrax, blackleg, cornstalk disease, and cerebrospinal meningitis. The disease is essentially a septicemia, or blood poisoning, and the Page 55 3 matches are no local swellings, and cattle are not frequently affected. Cornstalk disease may be differentiated from this affection from the fact that it always occurs after the cattle are t Page 61 1 match le of producing new outbreaks should fresh cattle be brought into the stalls and thus come into actual contact with them. Again, the pustules may appear, one after another, on a single Page 65 3 matches ose animals that have been exposed. (3) Complete disinfection of all stalls and sheds. The disease appears to break out in winter and hold over to spring. It is conceivable that expo Page 68 4 matches Caustic soda 4 White arsenic 10 Sal-soda crystals 10 There should be also some means for heating the solution in case, as sometimes happens because of i Page 69 1 match e bacilli producing the disease are readily found in such manure. The stalls, stables, and barnyards should also be thoroughly disinfected, as has been described under "Tuberculosis," Page 72 3 matches tage seems to be infectious. In this stage the larvÊ migrate up grass stalks (fig. 15) or other objects, showing activity whenever the air is saturated with moisture; that is, during r Page 73 1 match uke (_Fasciola magna_).] [Illustration: FIG. 21.--Portion of grass stalk bearing three encysted cercariÊ of the common liver fluke (_Fasciola hepatica_). Enlarged.] TAPEWORM CYS Page 76 1 match use against hemorrhagic septicemia, 401 Intercostal muscles, rheumatism affecting, description and treatment, 100 I Page 77 1 match reatment, 181 eye, description, 343 intercostal, rheumatism affecting, description and treatment, 100 Mycotic stomatitis-- cattle, chapter by John Page 78 1 match 287, 288 intercostal muscles, description and treatment, 101 Rhode Island, foot-and-mouth disease,

aconite, description and treatment, 63 alkali, description and treatment, 59 animal products, description and treatment, 69 arsenic, description, symptoms, and treatment, 54 carbolic acid, description and treatment, 60 chapter by V. T. Atkinson, 51-72 coal oil, description and treatment, 59 copper, description and treatment, 56 fungi, description, 70 laurel, description and treatment, 65 lead, description, symptoms, and treatment, 55 loco weed, description and treatment, 67 mercury, description, symptoms, and treatment, 57 phosphorus, symptoms and treatment, 57 plant, description, 63 salt and saltpeter, description, symptoms, and treatment, 60-61 sources, 51 strychnin, description and treatment, 62 symptoms and treatment, 53 Poisonous-- fungi, description, 68 plants, description, 63-69 Poisons-- chapter by V. T. Atkinson, 51-72 description of action, 52 mineral, descriptions, 54-58 vegetables, uses as medicine, 61-71 _Polydesmus excitans_, effect on cattle, 13 Polypi-- description and treatment, 313 pharyngeal, description and treatment, 19 vagina or uterus, description and treatment, 157 Polyuria, causes and treatment, 118 Pork measles, note, 536 Potash, permanganate, use in production of formaldehyde gas, 365 Poverty jaw and scours, caused by twisted wireworm, treatment, 527 Pregnancy-- cramps of hind limbs during, cause, 162 duration, 160 signs, 157 Pregnant cow, hygiene, 160 Prepuce, calculi affecting, treatment, 144 Presentation of fetus, natural, 173 Pricks, hoof, treatment, 338 Probang, use in prevention of choking, 21 Prolapsus vaginÊ, description and treatment, 162 Proliferation cysts, description and treatment, 319 Prostration, heat, symptoms and treatment, 108 Protozoa-- as intestinal parasites, note, 526 definition, 359 Protrusion, vagina, description and treatment, 162 Pruritis, causes and treatment, 322 Pseudoplasm. _See_ Tumors. Psoroptic mange, description and treatment, 513 _Pucinia arundinacea_, _P. coronata_, _P. graminis_, _P. straminis_, effect on cattle, 13 Pulmonary congestion, treatment, 98 Pulse-- description, 74 examination, 90 Puncta lacrimalia of the eye, description, 344 Purulent periostitis, description and treatment, 266 Pustule-- description, causes, and treatment, 327 malignant, in man, description, 458 Pterygium, description and treatment, 349 Pyemia, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 395 Pyemic inflammation of joints in calves, description, symptoms, and treatment, 251 Quarter-ill. _See_ Blackleg. Rabies, cattle, description, symptoms, etc., 402-406 Rachitis. _See_ Rickets. Ransom, B. H., chapter on "Animal parasites of cattle", 502-531 Rauschbrand. _See_ Blackleg. Rectal injections, uses and methods, 9 Rectum-- full, obstruction to parturition, 178 method of administering medicines, 9 Red dysentery, note, 526 Red water, description, symptoms, and treatment, 119 Regulations, sanitary, for controlling Texas fever, 495 Renal calculi, description and treatment, 139 Rennet, hernia affecting, description and treatment, 38 Respiration-- examination, 89 organs, methods of diagnosis, 37 organs, noncontagious diseases affecting, chapter by William H. Lowe, 87-100 Retina, eye, description, 342 Rheumatism-- articular and muscular, symptoms, prevention, and treatment, 287, 288 intercostal muscles, description and treatment, 101 Rhode Island, foot-and-mouth disease, 387, 388 Ribs, fracture, cause and treatment, 281 Rickets-- description and treatment, 267 in young calves, description and treatment, 263 Rinderpest, description, cause, symptoms, etc., 379-383 Ringing, bull, method, 291 Ringworm, description, symptoms, and treatment, 332 Roundworms-- description, 524 eye, treatment, 531 intestine, kinds and treatment, 523 stomach, description, 519 Rumen-- distention with food, description and treatment, 22 hernia, description and cause, 37 Rumenotomy, description, 294 Rupture-- bladder, symptoms, 218 danger in castration of cattle, 300 heart, description, 82 womb, cause and treatment, 219 Ruptures-- and lacerations of the vagina, description and treatment, 219-220 description and cause, 37 Russia, foot-and-mouth disease, 382 _Saccharomyces albicans_, parasite of aphtha, or thrush, 263 Salivation-- cause, symptoms, and treatment, 15 symptoms of foot-and-mouth disease, 383 Salt, common, poisoning, description, symptoms, and treatment, 61 Saltpeter poisoning, description, symptoms, and treatment, 60 Salts, medicated, doubtful value against worms, 523 Sarcoma tumor, description and treatment, 315 Satyriasis in male, cause and treatment, 148 Scab, mange, itch, description of kinds and treatment, 513 Scabby teats, treatment, 243 Scalds, causes and treatment, 333 _Schistosoma bovis_, cause of bloody urine, 530 Scleroderma, description, 330 Sclerotic membrane of eye, description, 341 Scouring-- acute contagious, in newborn calves, description, prevention, and treatment, 261 causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment, 253-263 Scours-- and poverty jaw, caused by twisted wireworm, treatment, 519 causes, symptoms, and treatment, 32 Screens, use against flies, remarks, 503 Screwworms-- affecting animals, description and remedy, 506 control by dipping, 506 Scurf, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 329 Scurfy ears, cause and treatment, 356 Sebaceous cysts, description and treatment, 330 Sebaceous glands, location, 321 Seborrhea, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 329 Septicemia-- causes, symptoms, and treatment, 395 gangrenous, description, symptoms, and treatment, 472 hemorrhagic, causes, symptoms, etc, 397-401 hemorrhagic, control by vaccination, etc, 401 Septicemic inflammation of joints in calves, description, symptoms, and treatment, 251 Serous cysts, description and treatment, 318 Serum, use against anthrax, 455 _Setaria labiato-papillosa_, embryo in blood, note, 529 Setoning, description and use, 293 Sheath-- calculi affecting, treatment, 144 inflammation, causes and treatment, 153 penis, inflammation from bruising, prevention and treatment, 155 Sheep, dose of vaccine against anthrax, 455 Shoulder joint, sprain, causes and treatment, 269 Skeleton, number of bones, 264 Skin-- description, 318 diseases, chapter by M. R. Trumbower, 320-334 gas or air under, symptoms and treatment, 334 glands, location and use, 321 inflammatory diseases, causes and treatment, 323 parasites affecting, description and treatment, 502-521 secretions and growths, descriptions, causes, and treatment, 329-331 wounds, kinds, description and treatment, 333-334 Skull, fracture, description and treatment, 278 Slinking, calf, description, 165 Snake bites, description, symptoms, and treatment, 14, 69 Sore mouth-- characteristic differences from foot-and-mouth disease, 391-392 reference, 532 Sore throat, cause and treatment, 17, 93 Sore tongue, reference, 533 Soreness, foot, description and treatment, 335 Southern cattle fever. _See_ Texas fever. Spanish-fly poisoning, description and treatment, 72 Spasm of the neck of the bladder, description and treatment, 128 Spavin, description and treatment, 284 Spaying, description of operation, 301 Spinal column, fracture, description and treatment, 279 Spinal cord-- congestion, description, symptom, and treatment, 110 description, 102 injuries, description, 109 Spleen-- diseases, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 44-45 inflammation, description, 45 Splenetic fever. _See_ Texas fever. Splenitis, description, 45 Split hoof, description and treatment, 338 Sporadic-- aphthae, reference, 532 stomatitis aphthosa, reference, 532 Sprain-- fetlock, causes and treatment, 269 hip, cause and treatment, 270 shoulder joint, causes and treatment, 269 Sprains, description and treatment, 268 Squinting, description, 349 Stable flies (_Stomoxys calcitrans_), affecting cattle, 503 Stabling, value against stomach worms, 521-522 Staggers, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 103, 529 _Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus_ and _S. pyogenes citreus_, bacteria of abscess, 237 Staphyloma, description, symptoms, and treatment, 348 Sterility, causes, 151 Stings-- venomous. _See_ Snake bites. wasps and bees, description and treatment, 71 Stomach-- diseases affecting, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 22-34 fourth, affected with hernia, description and treatment, 38 hair balls in, 29 parasites affecting, treatment, 519, 524, 529 roundworms affecting, 524 traumatic inflammation, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 34 worm-- encysted, description and treatment, 523 sanitary measures for suppression, 521-522 worms, different kinds affecting cattle, 519 Stomatitis-- cause, symptoms, and treatment, 17 characteristic differences from foot-and-mouth disease, 391-393 mycotic. _See_ Mycotic stomatitis. necrotic, description, symptoms, treatment, etc., 464-469 _Stomoxys calcitrans_ affecting cattle, 503 Stone-- bladder, obstruction to parturition, 178 bladder, symptoms and treatment, 142 description and causes, 130 effect of different feeds, 132-134 kidney, description and treatment, 139 Strabismus, description, 349 Straw, breeding place of stable fly, 503 _Streptococcus pyogenes_, bacteria of abscess, 237 String, navel, constricting member of fetus, description, 179 Stringy milk, cause and treatment, 242 _Strongylus micrurus_, parasite of verminous bronchitis, 100 Struma, cause, description, symptoms, and treatment, 310 Strychnin poisoning, description and treatment, 62 Sudorific glands, location and use, 321 Sugar in urine, description, 123 Sunstroke, symptoms and treatment, 108 Suppression, milk, cause and treatment, 241 Surfeit, description, causes, and treatment, 324 Surgery, discussion, 289 Surgical operations-- asepsis, importance, 289 chapter by William Dickson and William H. Lowe, 289-302 manner of securing the animals during, 290 uses of anesthesia, 289 Swamp lands, drainage as measure against fluke disease, 527 Sweat glands, location and use, 322 Sweden, foot-and-mouth disease, 386 Swelling of calf with gas, cause and treatment, 181 Switzerland, foot-and-mouth disease, 385 Symptomatic anthrax. _See_ Blackleg. _TÊnia saginatÊ_, tapeworm cysts, presence in cattle, 529 Tail, wolf in, imaginary disease, 27 Tapeworm cysts, source of injury to cattle, 529 Tapeworms-- adult, of small intestine, species and remedy, 523 cysts in muscles of cattle, 529 cysts of liver, 527 Tarsus, fracture, description and treatment, 281 Teats-- blocked by calculus, treatment, 243 blocked by concretion of casein, cause and treatment, 243 blocked by warty and other growth inside, description and treatment, 244 chapped, cause and treatment, 243 opening in the side, description and treatment, 245 scabby, treatment, 243 warts affecting, treatment, 243 Teeth-- caries, description, 16 irregularities, cause and treatment, 16 Temperature-- how to examine, 90 limits for dipping bath, 490 Test, tuberculin. _See_ Tuberculin test. Testicles, congestion and inflammation, description and treatment, 152 Tetanus-- danger in castration of cattle, 300 reference, 405 Texas fever-- description, symptoms, prevention, etc, 475-501 immunization of northern cattle, 495 infection carried by the cattle tick (_Margaropus annulatus_), 480 injurious effect of ticks, 482 loss occasioned by cattle ticks, 483 methods of eradication, 487-500 nature of the disease, 476

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PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK Special Report on Diseases of Cattle United States Bureau of Animal Industryprimary

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