TALKS ON MANURES A SERIES OF FAMILIAR AND PRACTICAL TALKS BETWEEN THE AUTHOR AND THE DEACON, THE DOCTOR, AND OTHER NEIGHBORS, ON THE WHOLE SUBJECT
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five or six bushels per acre, may give us an increase of fifteen or twenty bushels per acre. That is to say, owing to the dry weather in the autumn, followed by severe weather in the
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ld be less loss of nitrogen. The loss of nitrogen in 1863, was about twenty-four pounds per acre, and in 1879 fifty pounds per acre--the amount of available
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In the summer-fallow experiments, which have now been continued for twenty-seven years, there has been a great loss of nitrogen. The same remarks apply to this case. No one ever advo
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guano he will probably double his crops. His grass lands will carry twenty cows instead of ten, and if he raises the corn-fodder and roots, he can probably keep thirty cows better th
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e rich for other plants.” “That extract,” said I, “carries one back twenty-five years. We used to have article after article in this strain. We were told that ‘always taking meal out
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year. On the plot that receives no manure of any kind, the crop, for twenty years, averaged 16¼ bushels per acre. It is plowed twice every year, and the wheat is hand-hoed in the spri
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t cleared of the original forest, or than they were ten, fifteen, or twenty years later. In other words, the plants and animals that have been sold from the farm, have carried off a c
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invaluable store in April, May, and June, capable of supplying from twenty to forty bushels of ashes per acre, according to the care and industry of the collector, to drill with the
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r of spreading it in the one case than in the other, and, after all, twenty tons of this poor manure would not produce as good an effect the first season as ten tons of the richer man
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ure. When got all together, it made a heap seven or eight feet wide, twenty feet long, and three or four feet high. We then laid planks on the heap, and every day, as the pig-pens, co
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nded any one to pile their manure where it would receive from ten to twenty times as much water as would fall on the surface of the heap.” “But you do recommend piling manure and fer
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enses of his farm of 81½ acres. The farm cost $130 per acre. He kept twenty cows, and fatted one for beef. The receipts were as follows: Twenty cows yielding 8,337 lbs. of cheese,
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d see the farms hereabouts, and talk with our farmers.” Of course I went, and had a capital time. Mr. Geddes has a magnificent farm of about 400 acres, some four miles from Syracuse
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our wheat last year, and could see to the very drill mark how far it went. I would like to take your order for a ton. I am sure it would pay.” “We are making manure cheaper than you
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armer, but with little faith in chemical manures, paid me a visit. We went to the experimental wheat-field. The first two plots, 0 and 1, had been dressed, the one with superphosphate
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” ” ” ” 200 ” ” 36¼ ” ” The _twentieth_ season (1862-3), gave 17¼ bushels on the unmanured plot, and 44 bushels per acre on the manured plot.
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and not an agreeable one, to the passers by. He put the mixture on a twenty-acre field of wheat, and he said he was going to beat you.” “Yes,” said I, “so I understood--but he did no
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with different manures on barley grown annually on the same land for twenty years in succession. The experiments commenced in 1852. The soil is of the same general character as that
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ithout any manure, and you have selected the worst year of the whole twenty.” “Perhaps so,” said the Squire, “but we have got to take the bad with the good, and I have often heard yo
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intending to sell them in the spring.” “What did they cost you?” “I went into Wyoming and Cattaraugus Counties, and picked them up among the dairy farmers, and selected a very fair
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shels of wheat per acre, there is no difficulty in making it produce twenty bushels; and so of potatoes. If the land be dry and well cultivated, and, barring the bugs, produces withou
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not seem,” said the Deacon, “to have been deficient in anything. The twentieth crop, on the continuously unmanured plot was nearly 1¼ ton per acre, the first cutting, and nearly ¾-ton
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is a light, sandy loam. It has been under cultivation for upwards of twenty years, and so far as I can ascertain has never been manured. It has been somewhat impoverished by the growt
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marked effect_. This manure was applied in the hill on one plot (the twentieth of an acre,) at the rate of 400 lbs. per acre, and the plants on this plot came up first, and outgrew al
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te from the superphosphate. CHAPTER XXXVIII. SPECIAL MANURES. Twenty five to thirty years ago, much was said in regard to special manures. Fertilizers were prepared for the dif
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of Peruvian guano of to-day, with Peruvian guano brought to England twenty-nine or thirty years ago. I saw at Rothamsted thirty years ago a bag of guano that contained 22 per cent of
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ossessed a very considerable estate, consisting of light land, about twenty years ago purchased a large property adjoining it at a very high price. These were days when farmers were f
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oining field, where wheat and fallow have been grown alternately for twenty-seven years. The liberation of nitric acid, during the year of rest, produced for a time a large growth of
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ardeners, may be stated at ninety (90) tubs, and from two hundred to twenty hundred pounds of fertilizer in addition, according to its strength, and the kind of crop. The following r
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etrich, near Philadelphia, Pa. On the farm of fifteen acres, which twenty years ago could not maintain one horse and two cows, there are now kept twenty-seven dairy cattle, in a
Grape-Seeds |110 | .. | 25.0| 7.2| .. | 8.4| 2.1| 6.0| 0.6| 0.3
Horse-chestnuts, |492 |10.2| 12.0| 7.1| .. | 1.4| 0.1| 2.7| 0.3| 0.3
fresh | | | | | | | | | |
Acorns, fresh |560 | .. | 9.6| 6.2| 0.1| 0.7| 0.5| 1.4| 0.4| 0.1
XI. VARIOUS ANIMAL PRODUCTS
Cows’ Milk |875 | 5.1| 6.2| 1.5| 0.6| 1.3| 0.2| 1.7| .. | ..
Sheep |860 | 5.5| 8.4| 1.8| 0.3| 2.5| 0.1| 3.0| 0.1| 0.2
Cheese |450 |45.3| 67.4| 2.5|26.6| 6.9| 0.2|11.5| .. | ..
Ox-blood |790 |32.0| 7.5| 0.6| 3.4| 0.1| 0.1| 0.4| 0.2| 0.1
Calf-blood |800 |29.0| 7.1| 0.8| 2.9| 0.1| 0.1| 0.6| 0.1| ..
Sheep-blood |790 |32.0| 7.5| 0.5| 3.3| 0.1| 0.1| 0.4| 0.1| ..
Swine-blood |800 |29.0| 7.1| 1.5| 2.2| 0.1| 0.1| 0.9| 0.1| ..
Ox-flesh |770 |36.0| 12.6| 5.2| .. | 0.2| 0.4| 4.3| 0.4| 0.3
Calf flesh |780 |34.9| 12.0| 4.1| 1.0| 0.2| 0.2| 5.8| .. | 0.1
Swine-flesh |740 |34.7| 10.4| 3.9| 0.5| 0.8| 0.5| 4.6| .. | ..
Living Ox |597 |26.6| 46.6| 1.7| 1.4|20.8| 0.6|18.6| .. | 0.1
Living Calf |662 |25.0| 38.0| 2.4| 0.6|16.3| 0.5|13.8| .. | 0.1
Living Sheep |591 |22.4| 31.7| 1.5| 1.4|13.2| 0.4|12.8| .. | 0.2
Living Swine |528 |20.0| 21.6| 1.8| 0.2| 9.2| 0.4| 8.8| .. | ..
Eggs |672 |21.8| 61.8| 1.5| 1.4|54.0| 1.0| 3.7| 0.1| 0.1
Wool, washed |120 |94.4| 9.7| 1.8| 0.3| 2.4| 0.6| 0.3| .. | 2.5
Wool, unwashed |150 |54.0| 98.8|74.6| 1.9| 4.2| 1.6| 1.1| 4.0| 3.0
------------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----
B.--AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS MANURES.
W Water.
OS Organic Substance.
A Ash.
N Nitrogen.
P Potash.
S Soda.
L Lime.
M Magnesia.
PhA Phosphoric Acid.
SA Sulphuric Acid.
S&S Silica and Sand.
C&F Chlorine and Florine.
------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----
Name of | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fertilizer. | W | OS | A | N | P | S | L | M | PhA| SA |S&S |C&F
------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----
I.--Animal Excrements. | | | | | | | | |
(In 1000 parts of Manure.) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Fresh Fæces:| | | | | | | | | | | |
Horse |757 |211 | 31.6| 4.4| 3.5| 0.6| 1.5|1.2| 3.5| 0.6|19.6| 0.2
Cattle |838 |145 | 17.2| 2.9| 1.0| 0.2| 3.4|1.3| 1.7| 0.4| 7.2| 0.2
Sheep |655 |314 | 31.1| 5.5| 1.5| 1.0| 4.6|1.5| 3.1| 1.4|17.5| 0.3
Swine |820 |150 | 30.0| 6.0| 2.6| 2.5| 0.9|1.0| 4.1| 0.4|15.0| 0.3
Fresh Urine: | | | | | | | | | | |
Horse |901 | 71 | 28.0|15.5|15.0| 2.5| 4.5|2.4| .. | 0.6| 0.8| 1.5
Cattle |938 | 35 | 27.4| 5.8| 4.9| 6.4| 0.1|0.4| .. | 1.3| 0.3| 3.8
Sheep |872 | 83 | 45.2|19.5|22.6| 5.4| 1.6|3.4| 0.1| 3.0| 0.1| 6.5
Swine |967 | 28 | 15.0| 4.3| 8.3| 2.1| .. |0.8| 0.7| 0.8| .. | 2.3
Fresh Dung (with straw:)* | | | | | | | | |
Horse |713 |254 | 32.6| 5.8| 5.3| 1.0| 2.1|1.4| 2.8| 0.7|17.7| 0.4
Cattle |775 |203 | 21.8| 3.4| 4.0| 1.4| 3.1|1.1| 1.6| 0.6| 8.5| 1.0
Sheep |646 |318 | 35.6| 8.3| 6.7| 2.2| 3.3|1.8| 2.3| 1.5|14.7| 1.7
Swine |724 |250 | 25.6| 4.5| 6.0| 2.0| 0.8|0.9| 1.9| 0.8|10.8| 1.7
Common Barn-yard Manure: | | | | | | | | |
Fresh |710 |246 | 44.1| 4.5| 5.2| 1.5| 5.7|1.4| 2.1| 1.2|12.5| 1.5
Moderately| | | | | | | | | | | |
rotted |750 |192 | 58.0| 5.0| 6.3| 1.9| 7.0|1.8| 2.6| 1.6|16.8| 1.9
Thoroughly| | | | | | | | | | | |
rotted |790 |145 | 65.0| 5.8| 5.0| 1.3| 8.8|1.8| 3.0| 1.3|17.0| 1.6
Drainage from Barn-yard | | | | | | | | |
Manure |982 | 7 | 10.7| 1.5| 4.9| 1.0| 0.3|0.4| 0.1| 0.7| 0.2| 1.2
Human Fæces,| | | | | | | | | | | |
fresh |772 |198 | 29.9|10.0| 2.5| 1.6| 6.2|3.6|10.9| 0.8| 1.9| 0.4
” Urine,| | | | | | | | | | | |
” |963 | 24 | 13.5| 6.0| 2.0| 4.6| 0.2|0.2| 1.7| 0.4| .. | 5.0
Mixed human excrements, | | | | | | | | |
fresh |933 | 51 | 16.0| 7.0| 2.1| 3.8| 0.9|0.6| 2.6| 0.5| 0.2| 4.0
Mixed human excrements, mostly | | | | | | | |
liquid |955 | 30 | 15.0| 3.5| 2.0| 3.0| 1.0|0.6| 2.8| 0.4| 0.2| 4.3
Dove Manure,| | | | | | | | | | | |
fresh |519 |308 |173.0|17.6|10.0| 0.7|16.0|5.0|17.8| 3.3|20.2| ..
Hen ” ” |560 |255 |185.0|16.3| 8.5| 1.0|24.0|7.4|15.4| 4.5|35.2| ..
Duck ” ” |566 |262 |172.0|10.0| 6.2| 0.5|17.0|3.5|14.0| 3.5|28.0| ..
Geese ” ” |771 |134 | 95.0| 5.5| 9.5| 1.3| 8.4|2.0| 5.4| 1.4|14.0| ..
| | | | | | | | | | | |
II.--Commercial Manures. | | | | | | | | |
(In 100 parts of Fertilizer.) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Peruvian | | | | | | | | | | | |
Guano |14.8|51.4| 33.8|13.0| 2.3| 1.4|11.0|1.2|13.0| 1.0| 1.7| 1.3
Norway | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fish-Guano|12.6|53.4| 34.0| 9.0| 0.3| 0.9|15.4|0.6|13.5| 0.3| 1.6| 1.1
Poudrette |24.0|27.0| 49.0| 2.0| 0.9| 1.0|18.6|0.5| 2.1| 1.0| 5.4| 1.5
Pulverized Dead | | | | | | | | | | |
Animals | 5.7|56.9| 37.4| 6.5| 0.3| 0.8|18.2|0.4|13.9| 1.0| 1.7| 0.2
Flesh-Meal |27.8|56.6| 15.6| 9.7| .. | .. | 7.0|0.3| 6.3| 0.1| 1.1| ..
Dried Blood |14.0|79.0| 7.0|11.7| 0.7| 0.6| 0.7|0.1| 1.0| 0.4| 2.1| 0.4
Horn-Meal and | | | | | | | | | | |
Shavings| 8.5|68.5| 25.0|10.2| .. | .. | 6.6|0.3| 5.5| 0.9|11.0| ..
Bone-Meal | 6.0|33.3| 60.7| 3.8| 0.2| 0.3|31.3|1.0|23.2| 0.1| 3.5| 0.3
Bone-Meal from solid | | | | | | | | | |
parts | 5.0|31.5| 63.5| 3.5| 0.1| 0.2|33.0|1.0|25.2| 0.1| 3.0| 0.2
Bone-Meal from soft | | | | | | | | | |
parts | 7.0|37.3| 55.7| 4.0| 0.2| 0.3|29.0|1.0|20.0| 0.1| 3.5| 0.2
Bone-black, before | | | | | | | | | |
used | 6.0|10.0| 84.0| 1.0| 0.1| 0.3|43.0|1.1|32.0| 0.4| 5.0| ..
Bone-black, | | | | | | | | | | | |
spent |10.0| 6.0| 84.0| 0.5| 0.1| 0.2|37.0|1.1|26.0| 0.4|15.0| ..
Bone ash | 6.0| 3.0| 91.0| .. | 0.3| 0.6|46.0|1.2|35.4| 0.4| 6.5| ..
Baker Guano |10.0| 9.2| 81.0| 0.5| 0.2| 1.2|41.5|1.5|34.8| 1.5| 0.8| 0.3
Jarvis Guano|11.8| 8.2| 80.0| 0.4| 0.4| 0.3|39.1|0.5|20.6|18.0| 0.5| 0.2
Estremadura | | | | | | | | | | | |
Apatite | 0.6| .. | .. | .. | 0.7| 0.3|48.1|0.1|37.6| 0.2| 9.0| 1.5
Sombrero | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate | 8.5| .. | 91.5| 0.1| .. | 0.8|43.5|0.6|35.0| 0.5| 1.0| 0.6
Navassa | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate | 2.6| 5.4| 92.0| 0.1| .. | .. |37.5|0.6|33.2| 0.5| 5.0| 0.1
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
rich | 2.6| .. | 97.4| .. | 0.8| 0.4|45.1|0.2|33.0| 0.3| 5.5| 3.1
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
medium | 2.5| .. | 97.5| .. | 0.7| 0.4|40.1|0.2|24.1| .. |20.8| 1.5
Westphalian Phos-| | | | | | | | | | |
phorite | 6.5| 1.6| 91.8| .. | .. | .. |21.8|0.9|19.7| 1.0|22.0| 1.6
Hanover Phos- | | | | | | | | | | |
phorite | 2.0| 3.5| 94.5| .. | .. | .. |37.2|0.2|29.2| 0.5| 3.3| 1.5
Coprolites | 4.3| .. | 95.7| .. | 1.0| 0.5|45.4|1.0|26.4| 0.8| 7.5| 0.1
Sulphate of | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ammonia | 4.0| .. | .. |20.0| .. | .. | 0.5| ..| .. |58.0| 3.0| 1.4
Nitrate of | | | | | | | | | | | |
Soda | 2.6| .. | .. |15.5| .. |35.0| 0.2| ..| .. | 0.7| 1.5| 1.7
Wool-dust and | | | | | | | | | | |
offal |10.0|56.0| 34.0| 5.2| 0.3| 0.1| 1.4|0.3| 1.3| 0.5|29.0| 0.2
Lime-cake | 6.5|47.0| 46.5| 3.1| .. | .. |20.5|2.4| 3.0| .. | 8.0| ..
Whale-oil | | | | | | | | | | | |
refuse |23.0|68.4| 8.6| 5.7| .. | .. | 3.0|0.2| 2.3| .. | 3.0| ..
Common Salt | 5.0| .. | 95.0| .. | .. |44.3| 1.2|0.2| .. | 1.4| 2.0|48.2
Gypsum or | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plaster |20.0| .. | 80.8| .. | .. | .. |31.0|0.1| .. |44.0| 4.0| ..
Gas-lime | 7.0| 1.3| 91.7| 0.4| 0.2| .. |64.5|1.5| .. |12.5| 3.0| ..
Sugar-House | | | | | | | | | | | |
Scum |34.5|24.5| 41.0| 1.2| 0.2| 0.6|20.7|0.3| 1.5| 0.3| 9.1| 0.1
Leached wood| | | | | | | | | | | |
ashes |20.0| 5.0| 75.0| .. | 2.5| 1.3|24.5|2.5| 6.0| 0.3|20.0| ..
Wood-soot | 5.0|71.8| 23.2| 1.3| 2.4| 0.5|10.0|1.5| 0.4| 0.3| 4.0| ..
Coal-soot | 5.0|70.2| 24.8| 2.5| 0.1| .. | 4.0|1.5| .. | 1.7|16.0| ..
Ashes from Deciduous | | | | | | | | | |
trees | 5.0| 5.0| 90.0| .. |10.0| 2.5|30.0|5.0| 6.5| 1.6|18.0| 0.3
Ashes from Evergreen | | | | | | | | | |
trees | 5.0| 5.0| 90.0| .. | 6.0| 2.0|35.0|6.0| 4.5| 1.6|18.0| 0.3
Peat-ashes | 5.0| .. | 95.0| .. | 1.5| 0.8| ? |1.5| 0.6| 1.3| ? | 0.2
Bituminous | | | | | | | | | | | |
coal-ashes| 5.0| .. | 95.0| .. | 0.5| 0.4| ? |3.2| 0.2| 3.5| ? | ..
Anthracite | | | | | | | | | | | |
coal-ashes| 5.0| 5.0| 90.0| .. | 0.1| 0.1| ? |3.0| 0.1| 5.0| ? | ..
| | | | | | | | | | | |
III. Superphosphate, from | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Peruvian | | | | | | | | | | | |
Guano |16.0|41.9| 42.1|10.0| 2.0| 1.2| 9.5|1.0|10.5|15.0| 1.5| 1.1
Baker Guano |15.0| 6.2| 78.8| 0.3| 0.1| 0.8|25.9|0.9|21.8|28.5| 0.9| 0.2
Estremadura | | | | | | | | | | | |
Apatite |15.0| .. | 85.0| .. | 0.4| 0.2|28.2|0.1|22.1|28.5| 5.3| 0.9
Sombrero | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate |15.0| .. | 85.0| .. | .. | 0.5|26.4|0.4|20.2|25.5| 0.6| 0.4
Navassa | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate |15.0| 2.5| 82.5| .. | .. | ? |17.0|0.3|15.4|19.5| 2.3| ?
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
rich |15.0| .. |85.0 | .. | 0.5| 0.2|26.5|0.1|19.4|25.5| 3.2| 1.8
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
medium |12.0| .. |88.0 | .. | 0.3| 0.1|24.2|0.1|16.6|19.5|13.5| 1.3
Bone-black |15.0| 8.0|77.0 | 0.3| .. | 0.1|25.0|0.7|16.2|21.0| 9.3| ..
Bone-Meal |13.0|23.8|63.2 | 2.0| 0.1| 0.2|22.4|0.7|16.6|19.5| 2.5| 0.2
Phospho-guano (manu- | | | | | | | | | |
factured.)|15.5|13.0|80.3 | 3.3| 0.3| 0.4|24.0| ..|20.5|28.8| 3.0| 0.9
------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----
* It is estimated that in the case of horses, cattle, and swine,
one-third of the urine drains away. The following is the amount of
wheat-straw used daily as bedding for each animal. Horse, 6 lbs.;
Cattle, 8 lbs.; Swine, 4 lbs., and sheep, 0.6 lbs.
2.--TABLE SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF INGREDIENTS IN SOME
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES.
DS Dry Substance.
N Nitrogen.
A Ash.
P Potash.
L Lime.
M Magnesia.
PhA Phosphoric Acid.
----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
Name of Material. | DS | N | A | P | L | M | PhA
----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
1.--Brewing. | lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.
1000 lbs. Barley, contain |855 | 15.2|22.23|4.48 |0.58 |1.92 |7.71
15 ” Hops ” | 13.2| .. | 1.00|0.345|0.167|0.056|0.168
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Water | .. | .. | 1.23|0.852|0.039|0.045|0.234
Malt-Sprouts | 33 | 1.38| 2.43|0.749|0.069|0.066|0.653
Brewers’ Grains |269 | 8.74|13.08|0.580|1.474|1.134|3.631
Spent Hops | 9 | .. | 0.54|0.032|0.160|0.055|0.062
Yeast | 30 | 2.94| 2.27|0.643|0.097|0.185|1.349
Beer | .. | 2.14| 3.65|1.998| .. |0.484|0.939
| | | | | | |
2.--Distillery. | | | | | | |
a. 1000 lbs. Potatoes, | | | | | | |
contain |250 | 3.2 | 9.43|5.69 | 0.24|0.44 |1.63
40 ” Kiln-Malt | 37 | 0.56| 1.06|0.184|0.040|0.088|0.388
20 ” Yeast-Malt | 18.5| 0.28| 0.53|0.092|0.020|0.044|0.194
The Slump, contains |125 | 4.04|11.02|5.966|0.300|0.572|2.212
(b.) Grain Spirits. | | | | | | |
800 lbs. Rye, contain |684 |14.08|14.32|4.501|0.376|1.648|6.710
200 ” Kiln-Malt, contain |184 | 2.82| 5.12|0.883|0.195|0.429|1.526
50 ” Yeast-Malt, ” | 46 | 0.71| 1.28|0.221|0.049|0.107|0.382
The Slump, contains |443 |17.61|20.72|5.605|0.620|2.184|8.618
| | | | | | |
3.--Yeast Manufacture. | | | | | | |
700 lbs. bruised Rye, | | | | | | |
contain |599 |12.32|12.53|3.941|0.329|1.444|5.876
300 ” Barley-Malt, ” |276 | 4.23| 7.67|1.325|0.293|0.643|2.801
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Yeast | 45 | 4.60| 3.41|1.273|0.192|0.367|2.672
Grains and Slump |325 |11.95|16.79|3.993|0.430|1.720|6.005
| | | | | | |
4.--Starch Manufacture. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Potatoes, contain |250 | 3.20| 9.43|5.69 |0.24 |0.44 |1.63
The remains in the Fibre | 75 | 0.60| 0.51|0.086|0.266|0.042|0.133
” ” ” Water | 45 | 2.60| 8.89|5.604| .. |0.398|1.497
| | | | | | |
5.--Milling. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Wheat, contain |857 |20.80|16.88|5.26 |0.57 |2.02 |7.94
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Flour (77.5 per cent) |664 |14.65| 5.50|1.980|0.154|0.458|2.862
Mill-feed ( 6.5 ” ) | 58 | 1.64| 1.80|0.648|0.050|0.148|0.936
Bran (16.0 ” ) |135 | 4.51| 9.60|2.762|0.396|1.394|4.102
| | | | | | |
6.--Cheese-Making. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Milk, contain |125 | 4.80| 6.10|1.505|1.333|0.186|1.735
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Cheese | 65 | 4.53| 2.84|0.247|0.687|0.028|1.515
Whey | 60 | 0.27| 3.26|1.258|0.646|0.158|0.584
| | | | | | |
7.--Beet-Sugar Manufacture. | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Roots, contain |184 | 1.60| 7.10|3.914|0.379|0.536|0.780
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Tops and Tails (12 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 19 | 0.24| 1.15|0.336|0.108|0.132|0.144
Pomace (15 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 46 | 0.44| 1.71|0.585|0.390|0.105|0.165
Skimmings (4 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 24 | 0.60| 1.20|0.380|8.640|0.240|0.384
Molasses (3 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 25 | 0.32| 2.47|1.741|0.141|0.009|0.015
Sugar and loss | 85 | .. | 0.57|0.872| .. |0.040|0.072
| | | | | | |
8. Flax Dressing. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Flax-Stalks, | | | | | | |
contain |860 | .. |30.36|9.426|6.751|1.995|3.990
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
In the Water |215 | .. |25.15|9.175|4.100|1.850|3.400
Stems or Husks |460 | .. | 4.03|0.171|2.052|0.096|0.474
Flax and Tow |155 | .. | 1.22|0.054|0.648|0.054|0.126
----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
INDEX.
Absorptive Powers of Soils, 217
Ammonia Absorbed by Soil from the Atmosphere, 219
Ammonia and Superphosphate, 242
” and Weeds, 254
” Converted into Nitric Acid in the Soil, 313
” for Oats, 253-254
” for Potatoes, 261
” for Wheat, 192-213
” in Fresh Horse-dung, 96
” in Limed and Unlimed Soils, 220
” in the Soil Liberated by Lime, 221
” Locked Up in the Soil, 221
” Loss of by Fermenting Manure, 98
” on Grass Land, 273
” Potential, 31
” Quantity of to Produce One Bushel of Wheat, 211-212
” Required to Produce a Bushel of Barley, 240-242
” Retained by the Soil, 218
” Salts, Composition of, 312
” ” How to Apply, 286-312
” ” for Private Gardens, 297
Anderson, J. M. B., Letter from, 345
Animals, Composition of Manure from Different, 306
” What They Remove from the Food, 301
Apple Trees, Nitrate of Soda for, 314
Artificial Manures, Will They Pay, 214
Ashes, Burnt Earth, 72
” Coal, 72
” for Barley, 241
” for Indian Corn, 279
” for Oats, 253
” for Potatoes, 259
” of Manure for Wheat, 173
” on Long Island, 346
” Plaster and Hen-dung for Potatoes, 255
” Wood, 104
Barley After Ten Crops of Turnips, 250
” a Large Yield of, 242
” and Clover after a heavily-manured Root-crop, 287
” Best Soil for, 227
” Cost of Raising With and Without Manure, 245
” Lawes’ and Gilbert’s Experiments on, 227
” Potash Increases the Crop of at Rothamsted, 329
” Profits of Raising in Poor Seasons, 243
” Quality and Price of, 242
” Yield Per Acre, 11
SOURCES & PROVENANCE
1 listed
This page is an AI-organised index. The label means the grouping and cross-links were compiled with AI; the information itself comes from the public-domain books, reports and manuals listed below. Open any source to read the local copy or follow the link to the original publication.
PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK
Talks on Manures A Series of Familiar and Practical Talks Between the Author and the Deacon, the Doctor, and Other Neighbors, on the Whole Subject
primary
Full text in the local archive
Bibliographic record from the archive catalogue.