THE CULTURE OF VEGETABLES AND FLOWERS FROM SEEDS AND ROOTS
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when the soil is returned, and the bed made to its normal level, the crowns will be about five inches beneath the surface. This may be understood from the following illustration of a s
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utting off the tops before storing, take care not to cut too near the crown, or injurious bleeding will follow. On the other hand, the long fang-like roots may be shortened without harm
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few at a time, as required. After cutting off the tops just above the crown, they can at once be started into growth, and it is essential that this be made in absolute darkness. French
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straight roots from eight to twelve inches long, each having a single crown, and plant them one foot apart each way. By the following autumn these will become large, succulent sticks, w
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red out, there are many ways of protecting them, and when success has crowned the effort there will be a crowded plant. It will be necessary, therefore, to transplant at least half the
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usly lowered by rapid evaporation. A couple of stakes driven from the crown to the bottom of the bed at the time of making up the heap are useful as indicators of moisture, and may occa
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l be advisable to rub off all the weak eyes and thin out those on the crown, two or three strong eyes being quite sufficient. This can easily be accomplished as the sets are laid into t
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the line, and open a trench one foot deep; plant the roots with their crowns two inches below the surface, filling in and treading firmly as each trench is planted. The precaution may b
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mple. Cut close over, taking a small portion of the woody part of the crown, and when all the growth of a crown is taken, remove the pot or box, but leave a thin coat of leaves on the c
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e young leaves, for on the free growth of these the formation of good crowns for the next year’s use depends. By encouraging the young leaves to grow, root action is promoted, and the e
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est seedlings and of placing them at exact intervals in the bed. As a crowning advantage this system, to a large extent, prevents attack from the Onion Fly. Sow in boxes filled with ric
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the rough parts of the shrubbery, and put a light handful over every crown in the bed. The sticks will rise with the litter upon them like nightcaps, and will be plump and green and un
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time as required, cut or wrench off the foliage, and pack the roots, crown upwards, in boxes with moist leaf-mould or soil. They must be stored in absolute darkness in some cellar or M
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larger sizes, inserting the bulb a little deeper each time until the crown is covered. BEGONIA, FIBROUS-ROOTEDl Begonia semperflorens. Half-hardy perennial Fibrous-rooted Begonias a
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stages mix less sand with the soil, and when potting always leave the crown of the corm clear. Keep the plants near the glass, and as the sun becomes powerful it will be necessary to pr
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llowing summer. As slugs are exceedingly partial to Delphiniums, the crowns should be examined in spring, and the seed-beds may be dressed with soot and surrounded with ashes to save t
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ssional displays may follow as long as supplies remain in the boxes. CROWN IMPERIAL Fritillaria imperialis A noble plant which needs a deep, rich, moist soil, and an open situation,
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rn the top soil. The operation should be so performed as to leave the crown of the corm four inches below the surface. When planting is completed, give the bed a finishing touch with th
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est planting should insure a depth of three inches of earth above the crown of the bulb, but they will flower better, and only a few days later, if covered with full six inches of earth
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fer to small pots, and shift on as growth demands, always keeping the crown of the corm free from soil. The increasing power of the sun will render shading essential; yet a position nea
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filled with a similar light mixture. Whichever method is adopted, the crown of the corm should be left about four inches beneath the surface. The distance between them may vary from twe
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rom soil to facilitate the packing into ornamental baskets or vases. Crown Imperial.—This bulb requires a rich loamy soil and an open position to bring it to perfection. Still, it will
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will be a brilliant display, but the distance is quite optional. The crowns of the bulbs should not be less than four or more than six inches below the surface; the greater depth will
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07 —Disease, 448 Crops, Garden, Chemistry of, 202 —Rotation of, 198 Crown Imperial, 326, 402 Cucumber, 55, 123, 154, 167, 179, 183, 187, 189, 191 —Pickling, 183 —Ridge, 60, 179, 187
Onion, 92, 123, 158, 162, 169, 175, 184, 185, 189
—Fly, 420
—Grub, 99
—Mildew, 442
—Pickling, 99, 175
—Potato, 99
—Salading, 184
—Underground, 99, 197
Orache, 132
Orange Daisy, 263
Origanum Majorana, 67
—Onites, 67
Ornithogalum, 347, 409
Ovularia elliptica, 448
Oxalis, 347, 406
Ox-eye Daisy, 250, 381
Pansy, 282, 369, 393
Papaver, 288, 397
Parsley, 68, 162, 176, 185, 187, 191, 197
Parsnip, 100, 162, 169, 193
Pastinaca sativa, 100
Pea, 101, 158, 162, 169, 176, 180, 184, 185, 187, 190, 195
—Disease, 443
—Siphon-Aphis, 417
—Sweet, 303, 371, 373, 379, 400, 406
Peat for Pot Plants, 356
Pelargonium, 265, 283, 369, 399
Pennyroyal, 69
Pentstemon, 283, 378
Pepper, Bird, 40
—Cayenne, 40
Perennial Phlox, 287, 378
Perennials, Hardy, 227, 386
Perilla nankinensis, 222
Peronospora arborescens, 450
—infestans, 437
—Schleideni, 442
—viciæ, 443
Perpetual Spinach, 132, 170, 176
Pests of Garden Plants, 414
—Fungus, of certain Flowers, 447
—of certain Garden Plants, 434
Petunia, 284, 363, 369, 383, 388
Phacelia, 373, 397
Phaseolus multiflorus, 22
—vulgaris, 17
Phlox Drummondii, 286, 369, 378, 398
—Perennial, 287, 387
Phorbia brassicæ, 421
—cepetorum, 99, 421
Phosphatic manures, 211
Phytophthora infestans, 117, 437, 445
Pickling Cucumber, 183
—Onion, 99, 175
Picotee, 287, 383, 399
Pink, 262, 288, 383
Pisum sativum, 101
Plasmodiophora brassicæ, 434
Platystemon, 373
Plumed Cockscomb, 248
Polianthes tuberosa, 351
Pollination of Melons, 84
Polyanthus, 288, 370, 394
—Narcissus, 344
Poppy, 288, 373, 378, 386
—Disease, 450
—Iceland, 397
—Shirley, 397
Portugal Cabbage, 53, 162
Portulaca, 289, 388, 394
—oleracea, 69
Potash manures, 212
Potato, 108, 158, 169, 176, 185, 187, 192, 193
—Disease, 117, 437
—Onion, 99
—spraying, 440
—Wart Disease of, 440
Pot Marigold, 67, 278
—Marjoram, 67
Pots, cleaning, 357
—sizes of, 357
Potting soil, 355
Primrose, 289, 370, 394
—Cape, 302
—Chinese, 291
Primula Auricula, 236
—Half-hardy, 292, 370
—Hardy, 293
—sinensis, 291, 388, 394, 396
—stellata, 292
—(veris) elatior, 288
—vulgaris, 289
Prince’s Feather, 373
Psila rosæ, 419
Puccinia malvacearum, 449
Pumpkin, 63, 180
Purslane, 69, 123, 289
Pyrethrum, 386
Radish, 118, 123, 159, 163, 170, 185, 187, 197
Rampion, 70, 123
Ranunculus, 293, 348, 370, 411
Raphanus sativus, 118
Rats, 432
Red Cabbage, 38, 166, 174, 188
—Spider, 426
Reseda odorata, 279
Rheum hybridum, 120
Rhubarb, 120, 163, 193
Ricinus, 293, 371, 384
Ridge Cucumber, 60, 179, 187
Roman Hyacinth, 337, 399, 404, 408
Root-knot Eelworm, 424, 445
Roots, Storing, 193
Rosemary, 70
Rosmarinus officinalis, 70
Rotation of Crops, 198
Rubbish, Garden, 185
Rudbeckia, 373
Rue, 70
Rumex scutatus, 70
Runner Bean, 22, 178, 183
Ruta graveolens, 70
Sacred Lily, Chinese, 346
Sage, 70
Saintpaulia, 295
Salad, Corn, 53, 122, 161, 185, 189
Salads, 122
Salpiglossis, 295, 371, 373, 398
Salsify, 123, 124, 176, 193
Salvia, 70, 295
Sanvitalia, 373
Saponaria, 373, 397
Satureia hortensis, 70
—montana, 70
Savory, Summer, 70
—Winter, 70
Savoy Cabbage, 38, 163, 181
Saxifrage, 386
Scabious, 397
Scale, 426
Schizanthus, 296, 378, 399
Schizoneura lanigera, 418
Scilla, 348, 400, 409
Scorzonera, 125, 170
—hispanica, 125
Sea Kale, 125, 159, 163, 170, 195
—Beet, 27
Sea Lavender, 298, 364, 379
Seed Sowing in January, 152
Senecio, 297
—Disease, 447
September work among Flowers, 400
—in the Vegetable Garden, 190
Septoria apii, 442
Shallot, 123, 129, 164, 187
Shrubby Calceolaria, 243, 366
Silene, 298, 373, 397, 400
Silver, or Sea Kale, Beet, 27
Sinapis alba, 92
—nigra, 92
Siphonophora pisi, 417
Sizes of Pots, 357
Sleepy Disease of Tomato, 444
Slugs, 429
Snails, 430
Snapdragon, 230
Snowdrop, 349, 406
Snowflake, Spring, 339
—Summer, 339
Soil for Pot Plants, 355
Solanum, 298, 371, 378, 394
—esculentum, 61
—Melongena, 61
—tuberosum, 108
Sorrel, 70, 123
Sparaxis, 338, 406
Sparrows, 106, 282, 326
Spearmint, 68
Spider, Red, 426
Spinach, 130, 159, 164, 170, 176, 185, 187, 192
—Beet, 132, 170, 176
—Moth Grub, 187
—New Zealand, 131, 170, 181
—Perpetual, 132, 170, 176
Spinacia oleracea, 130
Spirals, 132
Spraying Potatoes, 440
Spring Broccoli, 31
—flowering Stock, 301, 394, 400
—Flowers from Seeds, 313
Spring-Jack, 431
Spring Snowflake, 339
Sprouting Broccoli, 33, 188
Sprouts, Brussels, 33, 161, 166, 173, 178
Squill, Blue, 348
Stachys tuberifera, 132
Star of Bethlehem, 347
—Cineraria, 252
—Primula, 292
—of the Veldt, 263, 375
Static, 298, 364, 379
Stock, 299
—Intermediate, 301, 371, 400
—Spring-flowering, 301, 394, 400
—Summer-flowering, or Ten-week, 299, 379, 384, 389
—Winter-flowering, 301, 394
—Virginian, 373, 397
Stored Bulbs, 413
Storing Roots, 193
Strawberry, 133, 159, 170, 190
—Alpine, 137, 159, 170
—Forced, 136
Streptocarpus, 302
—Wendlandii, 302
‘Stripe’ of Tomato, 444
Sugar Corn, 80, 180
Sultan’s Balsam, 273
Sultan, Sweet, 373, 397
Summer Broccoli, 32
—Cypress, 274
—flowering, or Ten-week Stock, 299, 379, 384, 389
—Savory, 70
—Snowflake, 339
—sown Vegetables for Autumn and Winter use, 185, 188
Sunflower, 138, 302, 373, 385
Swan River Daisy, 373, 398
Swede, 147
Sweet Basil, 66
—Herbs, 64, 168, 174
—Knotted Marjoram, 67
—Pea, 303, 371, 373, 379, 400, 406
—Sultan, 373, 397
—William, 307, 389
Synchytrium endobioticum, 440
Tagetes, 277
Taraxacum officinale, 60
Tarragon, 71
Temperature of Greenhouses, 358
Tender Annuals, 227
Ten-week Stock, 299, 379, 384, 389
Tetragonia expansa, 131
Tetranychus telarius, 426
Thalictrum, 386
Thrips, 427
Thyme, Common, 71
—Lemon, 71
Thymus Serpyllum vulgaris, 71
—vulgaris, 71
Tigridia, 350, 379
Tipula oleracea, 424
Tobacco, 281, 369, 388, 393
Tomato, 123, 138, 159, 164, 171, 181, 190
—Diseases, 443
Torenia, 308
Tragopogon porrifolius, 124
Traps for Vermin, 415
Trichobasis senecionis, 447
Triteleia uniflora, 350, 409
Tritonia, 350, 411
Tropæolum, 308, 351
—canariense, 308, 383
—majus, 308
—nanum, 309
—speciosum, 351
—tuberosum, 351, 406
Tuberose, 351, 409
Tuberous-rooted Begonia, 238, 323, 360, 366, 391, 401
Tufted Pansy, 310
Tulip, 352, 406, 409, 411
Turban Ranunculus, 348, 370
Turnip, 144, 164, 176, 182, 185, 187, 190, 193
—Fly or Flea, 422
Turnip-gall Weevil, 437
Turnip-rooted Celery, 51
Underground Onion, 99, 197
Uredo senecionis, 447
Urocystis gladioli, 448
Valerianella olitoria, 53
Vallota purpurea, 353, 372
Vegetable Garden, A Year’s Work in, 151
—Rotation of Crops in, 198
—Marrow, 147, 176, 182
—Oyster, 123, 124, 176
Vegetables, The Culture of, 1
Ventilating Greenhouses and Frames, 358
Venus’ Looking-glass, 373, 397
—Navel-wort, 373
Verbascum, 386
Verbena, 309, 364, 372, 380, 389
Vermin, Garden, Eradication of, 414
—Traps, 415
Viola, 310, 386
—tricolor, 282
Violet Diseases, 451
—Dog’s-tooth, 327, 402
Virginian Stock, 373, 397
Viscaria, 373, 397
Wallflower, 310, 390, 395, 409
Warm Border, 196
Wart Disease of Potatoes, 440
Wasps, 430
Water Cress, 54, 123, 171
Watering Pot Plants, 357
Waxpod Bean, 24
Weeds, 190
Weevil, Turnip-gall, 437
Whitlavia, 373, 397
Wigandia, 311, 372
Windflower, 229, 321
Winter Aconite, 353, 410
—Broccoli, 31
Winter Cucumber, 58
—flowering Stock, 301, 394
—Greens, 171, 176, 187, 193
—Radish, 120
—Savory, 70
Wireworm, 43, 330, 381, 431
Witloof, 122
Woodlice, 432
Woolly Aphis, 418
Wormwood, 71
Xeranthemum, 373
Year’s Work in the Vegetable Garden, A, 151
Zea Mays, 80
Zephyranthes Candida, 354, 412
Zinnia, 311, 380, 385, 390, 395
Permanent and Temporary Pastures.
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‘“PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY PASTURES.”—Mr Martin Sutton speaks with
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advantage. Here will be found ample instruction, the results of
knowledge acquired by experience and exhaustive experiment.’—ESTATES
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WORKS ISSUED BY SUTTON & SONS.
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Bulletins.
No. 1. Brassica Cresses. ”2. Tuber-bearing Solanums. ”3. Experiments in
Crossing a Wild Pea from Palestine with Commercial Peas. ”4. Results
obtained by Crossing a Wild Pea from Palestine with Commercial Types
and Pisum sativum umbellatum. ”5. The Progress in Vegetable Cultivation
during Queen Victoria’s Reign. ”6. The Effects of Radio-active Ores and
Residues on Plant Life. (_First Series_.) ”7. The Effects of
Radio-active Ores and Residues on Plant Life. (_Second Series_.) ”8.
Experiments with Humogen in comparison with other Fertilisers. ”9. Do
Potatoes give rise to New and Distinct Varieties by Bud-Variation? ”10.
How Amateurs may secure three successive crops of Vegetables in twelve
months without the aid of glass houses or of heat. ”11. The
Electrification of Seeds by the Wolfryn Process.
Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10 by ARTHUR W. SUTTON, F.L.S., V.M.H.
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[1] For permission to reproduce the engravings numbered 1, 3, 4, and 5
from Professor Marshall Ward’s ‘Diseases of Plants,’ we gladly
acknowledge our indebtedness to the Society for Promoting Christian
Knowledge. Professor W. Carruthers has kindly allowed us to use the
illustrations numbered 2 and 6.
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