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FORMULA SHELF 1 of 370

The arithmetic behind the work: what to measure, what to type in, and what the answer comes out as. Every formula says what the symbols mean and gives a worked example, so you can check it against a job you have already done.

Quick calculators. A calculator appears where the formula is a single, clean equation with clear symbols. It is a convenience, not an authority: double-check every result yourself, especially doses, loads, torque and safety-critical settings.
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Workshop 1 formulas

Saw teeth per inch
TPI = 1 / (2 x gullet depth in inches)
SYMBOLS · for a rip cut in hardwood use 4-6 TPI, for a crosscut 8-12 TPI, for a hand saw 10-14 TPI
UNITS · teeth per inch
HOW TO USE

The difference between a saw that cuts along the grain and one that cuts across it. A rip saw has few deep teeth; a crosscut saw has many fine ones.

EXAMPLE

A 3/32 in gullet gives 1 / (2 x 0.094) = 5.3 TPI, a rip saw.

saw tpi teeth rip cut crosscut
SOURCES & PROVENANCE 1 listed

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Formulas collected and indexed with AI. The calculators are convenience tools; double-check every result before using it.