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FORMULA SHELF 3 of 370

The arithmetic behind the work: what to measure, what to type in, and what the answer comes out as. Every formula says what the symbols mean and gives a worked example, so you can check it against a job you have already done.

Quick calculators. A calculator appears where the formula is a single, clean equation with clear symbols. It is a convenience, not an authority: double-check every result yourself, especially doses, loads, torque and safety-critical settings.
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Maths 1 formulas

Average (arithmetic mean)
mean = (sum of the values) / (number of values)
SYMBOLS · add every reading, then divide by how many there are
UNITS · varies
HOW TO USE

Average daily milk yield, average egg weight, average tractor hours a week, average weight at weaning.

EXAMPLE

Weights of 180, 200, 220 and 240 kg give a mean of 210 kg.

average mean records milk

Data 2 formulas

Standard deviation MOST USED
sigma = square root of ( sum of (x - mean)2 / n )
SYMBOLS · x = each reading; mean = the average; n = number of readings
UNITS · same as the readings
HOW TO USE

How spread out a set of readings is. A 500 litre herd with a standard deviation of 20 is steady; one with 120 is not. It is how you tell a genuinely consistent flock from a lucky average.

EXAMPLE

Readings 98, 100, 102, 100 give a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of about 1.6.

deviation variation statistics records
Median and range
median = middle value when sorted ; range = highest - lowest
SYMBOLS · sort the readings first
UNITS · varies
HOW TO USE

Averages lie when one reading is odd. The median tells you the typical day; the range tells you how variable the month was. Use both for milk records, daily temperatures and yields.

EXAMPLE

10, 12, 12, 13, 20 litres: median 12, range 10.

median range records statistics
SOURCES & PROVENANCE 1 listed

This page is an AI-organised index. The label means the grouping and cross-links were compiled with AI; the information itself comes from the public-domain books, reports and manuals listed below. Open any source to read the local copy or follow the link to the original publication.

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The index is AI-organised; the linked sources are not.
Formulas collected and indexed with AI. The calculators are convenience tools; double-check every result before using it.