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SPECIAL REPORT ON DISEASES OF CATTLE TEXT

United States Bureau of Animal Industry · 1908 · 1.5 MB PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK BOOK DETAILS DOWNLOAD
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Page 1 3 matches House of Representatives, and said documents shall be distributed by Members of the Senate and House of Representatives. CONTENTS. Page 2 7 matches n clovers, beans, and peas cause very severe irritation of the lining membrane of the mouth and throat, resulting sometimes in gangrene of this tissue. _Polydesmus exitans_ grows on Page 3 1 match the cow has not tuberculosis, she should be kept apart from the other members of the herd. DISTENTION OF RUMEN OR PAUNCH WITH FEED. This form of indigestion is caused by the animal Page 4 1 match g animals which have died of this disease it is found that the lining membrane of the fourth stomach and the intestines, particularly the small intestine, is red, swollen, streaked wi Page 5 5 matches lways severe and often fatal. _Post-mortem appearances._--The mucous membrane of the fourth stomach has a well-marked red color and sometimes presents ulcerations. The wall is thicke Page 6 7 matches ere is a yellow appearance of the white of the eyes and of the mucous membrane of the mouth. A similar aspect of the skin may also be observed in animals which are either partly or al Page 7 4 matches utward between the abdominal wall and the skin; _p p_, peritoneum, or membrane lining the abdominal cavity, carried through the opening _o_ by the loop of intestine and forming the sa Page 8 8 matches rrhea is developed; in many cases blood and shreds of detached mucous membrane are mixed with the evacuations. There is irregular and feeble pulse and respiration, and death is likely Page 10 4 matches ulse, difficult breathing, bluish discoloration of the visible mucous membranes, stupor, or convulsions. If the poison is not powerful or plentiful enough to produce death, it is, at Page 11 3 matches general care should be as in pericarditis. ENDOCARDITIS. When the membrane which lines the cavities of the heart--the endocardium-- suffers inflammation, the disease is called end Page 12 14 matches unt in making a diagnosis and in overcoming the disease. _The mucous membrane._--The mucous membrane should in all cases be examined. It can be readily seen by everting the eyelids o Page 13 3 matches be given. LARYNGITIS (SORE THROAT). An inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the larynx is known as laryngitis. It may be either a primary or a secondary disease, complicated Page 14 9 matches portion of the brain, known as the cerebellum. The meninges are the membranes, three in number, which envelop the brain and spinal cord, and separate them from the bones which form Page 15 1 match manifested. Post-mortem examinations have disclosed tubercles in the membranes of the brain. (See "Tuberculosis," p. 407.) Abscesses, usually the result of inflammation of the brain, Page 16 3 matches backward beneath the loins, then inward, supported by a fold of thin membrane, to open into the bladder just in front of its neck. The canal passes first through the middle (muscular Page 17 1 match nchymatous); (3) the connective tissue (interstitial); (4) the lining membrane of its ducts (catarrhal); and (5) its pelvis or sac receiving the urine (pyelitis). It has also been dis Page 18 1 match t parturition. The irritation attendant on inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder may be a further cause of spasms of the neck, as may also be inflammation of the channel Page 19 1 match ough, crystalline surface, which proves very irritating to the mucous membrane. They have a specific gravity of 1.109 to 1.637, and are composed chiefly of ammonio-magnesium phosphate Page 20 5 matches pid and sometimes drowsy, with reddish-brown congestion of the lining membrane of the eyelids; pressure on the abdomen causes pain, flinching, and perhaps groaning, and the lowest par Page 21 4 matches f the parts. The sheath has a very small external opening, the mucous membrane of which is studded with sebaceous glands secreting a thick, unctuous matter of a strong, heavy odor. Be Page 22 8 matches formed cotyledons (Pl. XIII, fig. 2), to which in ruminants the fetal membranes are attached). At other times, unless the womb is opened in the effort to expel it, the polypus can be Page 23 12 matches ntorted cord. There is in addition a series of diseases of the mucous membrane of the womb, and of the fetal membranes (inflammation, effusion of blood, detachment of the membranes fr Page 24 9 matches e of cattle, characterized by an inflammatory condition of the mucous membrane of the vagina and the development of nodules upon its surface. This disease is very widely spread, but Page 25 9 matches otion (carbolic acid 1 dram in 1 quart of water). CONSTRICTION OF A MEMBER BY THE NAVEL STRING. In early fetal life the winding of the navel string around a limb may cause the latt Page 26 3 matches me firmly impacted. As a rule, each of the twins has its own separate membranes, and as the water bags of one will naturally first enter and be the first to burst, so the calf which o Page 27 1 match er parts cut through as they are drawn tense, until finally the whole member has been extracted. Traction on the rope round the other thigh will now suffice to extract, in most cases, Page 28 5 matches the womb may be equally dry, inflamed and swollen, so that its lining membrane or even its entire thickness is easily torn; the fetal membranes have lost their natural, unctuous and s Page 29 11 matches hrough the muscles, and more carefully through the transparent lining membrane of the abdomen (peritoneum), letting the point of the knife lie in the groove between the first two fing Page 30 12 matches and the continued dilatation of the womb in the absence of the fetal membranes led to a flow of blood which accumulated in clots around the calf. Other causes are laceration of the c Page 31 17 matches eptic materials retained in the womb cause inflammation of its lining membrane, and this, together with the absorption into the blood of the products of putrefaction, leads to ill hea Page 32 1 match pecially hot and the veins of the head full, while the visible mucous membranes of nose and eyes are deeply congested. The cow may lie on her breastbone with her feet beneath the bod Page 33 4 matches esult of infection and sometimes run a very rapidly fatal course. I remember one to which I was called as soon as the owner noticed it, yet I found one-quarter dark blue, cold, and sh Page 34 10 matches s and calculi. The movement is limited by the elasticity of the inner membrane of the teat from which it grows, and is somewhat freer in certain cases because the growth has become lo Page 35 1 match recognized by the blueness of the eyes, nose, mouth, and other mucous membranes, the coldness of the surface, and the extreme sensitiveness to cold. CONSTIPATION. At birth the bowe Page 36 1 match pective openings; also tongue-tie, in which the thin, flaccid, mucous membrane passing from the median line of the lower surface of the tongue binds the latter too closely to the floo Page 37 1 match tside through their covering, called the periosteum--the thin, strong membrane that covers every part of the bone except the articular surface of the joints; and, second, from within Page 39 3 matches and the articular surface of the bone is covered by a thin, delicate membrane, known as the "synovial membrane," which secretes the joint oil (synovia). This fluid is viscid and colo Page 40 3 matches structures of the joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles. The serous membranes and heart may also be affected. According to its location, rheumatism is specified as articular or musc Page 43 6 matches rnous angiomas are seen in cattle, affecting the liver and the mucous membrane of the nasal septum. In the liver they appear as smooth, flat, nonprojecting tumors of a dark-red or pur Page 44 4 matches le, or a child's head. Its walls are formed by the diseased secreting membrane of the bursal sac, and are readily detachable from the subcutis of the skin. Their internal surfaces are Page 46 4 matches tion may have advanced to softening and sloughing of the interdigital membrane. If the disease is neglected at this stage, deep abscesses may form and the pus burrow under the horny w Page 47 18 matches subjacent to the choroid. The sclerotic is a strong, opaque, fibrous membrane, which, in a great measure, maintains the form of the eyeball and protects the more delicate structures Page 48 8 matches or arises from the cornea or the sclerotic, covered by its respective membrane, with a growth of hair upon its surface. These tumors may be quite prominent or flattened, and are dark Page 49 2 matches . Micrococci (streptococcus) which produce inflammation of the lining membranes of the abdomen, thorax, heart, brain, and joints. Frequently associated with the preceding bacteria in Page 50 1 match er, are very disagreeable and irritating to the eyes and nasal mucous membranes. One and one-half ounces of formalin added to 1 gallon of water is a valuable agent for the disinfectio Page 51 4 matches ra may be covered with one or more layers of a firm, elastic, grayish membrane, which varies in thickness and which sometimes may be pulled away entirely. Sometimes it is absent. The Page 52 6 matches to the digestive and respiratory organs become prominent. The mucous membrane of the mouth and the nose, as well as that of the rectum and vagina, becomes reddened, either in patches Page 53 2 matches size of hempseeds or peas are making their appearance upon the mucous membranes of the mouth at the border and upper surface of the tongue near the tip, the inside of the cheeks, on t Page 54 12 matches mulate the vesicular eruption of foot-and-mouth disease on the lining membrane of the mouth. When the blisters have ruptured, however, and the resulting lesions have become contaminat Page 55 6 matches re may be a blood-stained discharge from the nostrils, and the mucous membrane thereof will often show punctiform hemorrhages. The pulmonary form shows the same symptoms as croupous p Page 56 3 matches he most common of which is tuberculosis of the brain and its covering membranes. The post-mortem lesions, however, should assist in making a correct diagnosis. Tetanus may readily be Page 57 20 matches e number of cases the changes are limited to the lungs and the serous membranes[4] of the thorax and abdomen. Pathologists have been in the habit of calling the lung disease tuberculo Page 58 1 match e small and obscure. While this fact is admitted, it should also be remembered that such a small lesion to-day may break down and become widely disseminated in a relatively short peri Page 59 1 match ionally the ends of the bones, where they are covered by the synovial membrane of the joints, are dotted with tubercles. The muscular system itself is very rarely the seat of tubercul Page 61 4 matches eruptions of cowpox as a safeguard against the ravages of smallpox in members of the human family is well known. The immunity which such vaccination confers upon the human subject has Page 62 3 matches g the prickly fruit of the cactus plant, causing wounds of the mucous membrane and subsequent infection with the parasite. Much additional information of a similar kind must be forthc Page 63 2 matches of the chest are strained during breathing, while the visible mucous membranes (nose, mouth, rectum, and vagina) become bluish. If the disease has started in the bowels, there is muc Page 64 9 matches is not infrequently found, together with bloodstaining of the lining membrane of these cavities. Blood spots (or ecchymoses) are also found on the heart and lungs. The liver is conge Page 65 17 matches the lung and in the liver and necrotic patches observed on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. _Symptoms._--Necrotic stomatitis is both a local and a systemic affectio Page 66 2 matches s, giving the urine a deep-red color, with a yellowness of the mucous membranes and fat, which is seen more especially in fat cattle, by a rapid loss of strength, and with fatal resul Page 68 4 matches loped a very satisfactory arsenical dip. Two formulas are given for homemade dips, one known as the "S-B" (self-boiled) and the other as the boiled dip. The former is the one usually Page 69 6 matches also involves the large intestines, including the rectum. The mucous membrane may alone be affected, although usually in the long-standing cases the submucosa is also invaded and the Page 70 1 match market are usually more expensive, and often less efficacious than homemade mixtures. At the Minnesota experiment station rancid lard 1 pound and kerosene one-half pint, mixed thoro Page 71 1 match cated by a field test approved by the Bureau of Animal Industry. A homemade nicotin dip may be prepared as follows: For each 100 gallons of dip desired, take 21 pounds of good, prep Page 72 3 matches e or of the gullet. Bleeding at the mouth or nose may be noticed, the membranes where the leech is attached are liable to be swollen and congested, and as a result of the loss of bloo Page 73 3 matches here is present in the affected animals an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth. This inflammation, which quickly develops into ulcers, is one of the principal and most fr Page 74 2 matches The absence of suppurating sores between the claws and on the mucous membrane of the mouth, the knowledge that the lesion upon the limb in question extends uninterruptedly around it, Page 75 2 matches limbs and between thighs, during pregnancy, cause, 162 membranes of fetus, description and treatment 162 navel, description and treatment, Page 76 3 matches loping outside womb, description and treatment, 163 membranes, dropsy affecting, description and treatment, 162 prolonged retention, description and tr Page 77 6 matches nard Pearson, 7-11 Membrana nictitans of eye, description, 343 Meninges, number and functions, Page 78 2 matches scription, 330 Sclerotic membrane of eye, description, 341 Scouring-- acute contagious, in newborn calv
period of incubation of ticks, 486 14865 characters on this page
period of incubation of ticks, 486 prevention, 487 quarantine regulations, 495 symptoms and pathological changes after death, 478-480 tick eradication, plan of work, 487 Threadworms in abdominal cavity of cattle, 529 Throat, sore, symptoms, causes, and treatment, 17 Thrombosis, description and symptoms, 85 Thrush-- calf, description and treatment, 263 parasite (_Saccharomyces albicans_), cause, 263 Ticks-- cattle, time required to kill, 488 ear, 518 injury to cattle hides, 484 parasites of cattle, note, 502 _See also_ Cattle tick; Texas fever. _Tilletia caries_ in wheat, effect on cattle, 13 _Tinea favosa_, description, symptoms, and treatment, 332 _Tinea tonsurans_, description, symptoms, and treatment, 332 Tracheotomy, description, 294 Traumatic inflammation of the stomach, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 34 Trichiasis, treatment, 350 _Trichodectes scalaris_ (red louse), description and treatment, 513 _Trichophyton tonsurans_, fungus causing _Tinea tonsurans_, 332 Trumbower, M. R.-- chapter on "Diseases of the ear", 353-357 chapter on "Diseases of the eye and its appendages", 340-354 chapter on "Diseases of the foot", 335-339 chapter on "Diseases of the skin", 320-334 _Trypanosoma brucei_, cause of nagana, or tsetse-fly disease, 500 Tsetse-fly disease, description, symptoms, and treatment, 500 Tuberculin test-- description and history, 417 harmless to healthy animals, 426 summary of directions for making, 427 _Tuberculosis_-- bovine, and public health, 430 cause and nature of disease, 411 occurrence, 407 statistics of tests in United States, 410 symptoms and diagnosis, 416-417 transmissibility of human and bovine, 432 treatment, 428 Tumor-- bony, description and treatment, 314 chrondroma, description and treatment, 314 fibroma, description and treatment, 311 hairy, on eyeball, description and treatment, 349 lipoma, description and treatment, 314 sarcoma, description and treatment, 315 Tumors-- brain, description, 112 calf, description and treatment, 181 cattle, chapter by John R. Mohler, 303-319 definition and description, 303 description, 303, 305, 307 description of kinds, 309 diagnosis, 308 eyelid, description and treatment, 350 general treatment, 309 kidney, description, 128 malignant and benign, description, 306 orbit, cause and treatment, 353 pharynx, description and treatment, 19 Twisted stomach worms, description and treatment, 519-523 Twisting-- and knotting of the bowels, causes, symptoms, post-mortem appearance, and treatment, 35 of the neck of the womb, description and treatment, 176 Tympanites-- acute, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 22 chronic, causes and treatment, 25 Udder-- congestion, description and treatment, 233 contagious inflammation affecting, description, prevention, and treatment, 237 inflammation, description, symptoms, and treatment, 234 Ulceration, heel, causes and treatment, 337 Ulcerative stomatitis. _See_ Necrotic stomatitis. Ulcers-- calves. _See_ Necrotic stomatitis. cornea, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 347 penis, cause and treatment, 157 Umbilical hernia-- description, causes, and treatment, 39 symptoms and treatment, 252 Umbilical phlebitis, description, causes, and treatment, 249 Urachus-- inflammation, causes and treatment, 248 persistent, description and treatment, 248 Ureteral calculi, description and treatment, 139 Urethra, inflammation affecting, description and treatment, 156 Urethral calculus, symptoms and treatment, 142 Urinary calculi-- classification, 138 description and causes, 130, 137 effect of different feeds, 133 Urinary disorders, symptoms, 118 Urinary organs-- diseases, chapter by James Law, 113-146 functions, 113 Urine-- albumin in, description and treatment, 121 amount passed daily, 115 analyses under different rations, 114 bloody, caused by blood flukes, 526 bloody, description, symptoms, and treatment, 119 cow, analysis, 114 discharged through navel, description and treatment, 248 excessive secretion, cause and treatment, 118 incontinence, cause and treatment, 130 ox, analysis, 115 retention, effect, cause, and treatment, 128 sugar in, description, 123 Urticaria, description, causes and treatment, 124 Uruguay, foot-and-mouth disease, 386 Uterus-- hernia affecting, cause and treatment, 162 polypus affecting, description and treatment, 157 Vaccination, disadvantages in use against anthrax, 457 Vaccine-- anthrax, care and use, 457 blackleg, free distribution, note, 463 preparation and use against hemorrhagic septicemia, 395 Vagina-- clots of blood on walls, description and treatment, 220 inflammation, causes and treatment, 223 lacerations and rupture, description and treatment, 219 polypus affecting, description and treatment, 157 _VaginÊ prolapsus_, description and treatment, 162 Vaginal walls, affected with coagulated blood after calving, treatment, 179 Vaginitis, causes and treatment, 223 Valves, heart, diseases affecting, symptoms and treatment, 80 Variola, description, symptoms, and treatment, 438 Vegetable-- acids, poisonous, description and treatment, 58 poisons-- note, 61 uses as medicine, description, symptoms, and treatment, 61-69 Veins-- inflammation, description and treatment, 86 wounds, description and treatment, 83 Venereal desire, diminution or loss, cause, prevention, and treatment, 149 Venereal excess, cause and treatment, 148 Venomous stings. _See_ Snake bites. Ventral hernia, description and causes, 37 Verminous bronchitis-- description, symptoms, and prevention, 100 _parasites_ causing, 100 Vermont, foot-and-mouth disease, 387 Verruca, description, cause, and treatment, 331 Vertebra, fracture, description, and treatment, 279 Vesical calculus, symptoms and treatment, 142 Vesicular eruption of genital organs, description, symptoms, and treatment, 401 Vesicular exanthema, symptoms and treatment, 401 Veterinarians, views on foot-and-mouth disease in man, 395 Virginia, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Vitreous humor of the eye, description, 342 Vomiting, symptoms, cause, and treatment, 27 Wall, hoof, fissure, description and treatment, 338 Warble fly-- damages, estimate, 510 European species, appearance in United States, 510 Warbles-- description and treatment, 507 penetration of skins of cattle, 508 reference, 333 Warts-- description, causes, and treatment, 312, 331 penis, treatment, 156 teats, treatment, 243 Washington, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Wasp stings, description and treatment, 71 Water-- blisters, symptoms and treatment, 328 cold, drinking, a cause of indigestion, symptoms and treatment, 33 head of calf, description and treatment, 179 Weather, relation to occurrence of mycotic stomatitis, 392 Wens, description and treatment, 330 West Virginia, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Wisconsin, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Withers, casting, cause and treatment, 215 Wolf in the tail, imaginary disease, 27 Womb-- bleeding from, description, symptoms, and treatment, 214 dropsy, description and treatment, 162 eversion, cause and treatment, 215 fetus developing outside, description and treatment, 163 inflammation, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 224 mouth, induration, description and treatment, 176 rupture, cause and treatment, 219 twisting of neck, description and treatment, 176 Wooden tongue. _See_ Actinomycosis. Wood-ill, description, symptoms, and treatment, 119 Worm-- encysted stomach, description and treatment, 523 eye, description and treatment, 349 Worms-- bladder, description, 528 lung, of cattle, description and treatment, 530 screw, description and remedies, 506 thread, in abdominal cavity of cattle, 529 twisted stomach, description and treatment, 519-520 Wounds-- abdomen, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 43 arteries and veins, description and treatment, 83 contused and lacerated, description and treatment, 298 contusions of the lips and snake bites of mouth, description and treatment, 14 danger of infection from foot-and-mouth disease, 394 drainage, necessity, 298 gullet, description and treatment, 22 healing, treatment and dressing, description, 298 hoof, treatment, 338 incised-- description and treatment, 295 punctured, and lacerated, description and treatment, 295-299 mouth, snake bites and contusions of lips, treatment, 14 penis, cause and treatment, 156 skin, kinds, description, and treatment, 333-334 treatment, summary of care after dressing, 298 Yellows, description, symptoms, and treatment, 44 Zinc poisoning, description and treatment, 57 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT $1.00 PER COPY
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PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK Special Report on Diseases of Cattle United States Bureau of Animal Industryprimary
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