THE CULTURE OF VEGETABLES AND FLOWERS FROM SEEDS AND ROOTS TEXT

Sutton & Sons Ltd. · 1913 · 1.1 MB PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK BOOK DETAILS DOWNLOAD

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Page 1 2 matches ear the garden presents new features of interest. In considering the general order of work in the Kitchen Garden, the first principle is that its productive powers shall be taxed to the Page 2 6 matches wasteful tax on the energy of the plant. For home consumption it will generally suffice if the white portion is about four inches long, and this determines the depth at which the sticks s Page 3 10 matches k of failure, especially on hot soils. A strong soil is suitable, and generally speaking a heavy crop of Beans may be taken from a well-managed clay. But any deep cool soil will answer, a Page 4 5 matches ed, and two sowings, the first in February and another in March, will generally provide a good supply of roots in advance of the outdoor crops. Sow in drills on a gentle hot-bed and thin Page 5 7 matches under. For the compact-growing varieties two feet apart each way will generally suffice. Maintain a good tilth by the frequent use of the hoe during summer, and as autumn approaches regul Page 6 5 matches ressing of half-rotten dung may be put in with the bottom spit. But a general manuring as for a surface-rooting crop is not to be thought of, the sure effect being to cause the roots to f Page 7 5 matches ter, and each lot will require separate treatment, subordinate to one general and very simple plan. Celery must have rich soil, abundant moisture, and must be blanched to make it fit for Page 8 5 matches d will be found in the end to depend rather upon care than skill. The general principles are the same as in growing Cucumbers in frames, the task for the cultivator being to carry them ou Page 9 3 matches l, Tarragon, and others that may be in especial favour. Large gardens generally contain a plot, proportioned to demands, of all the varieties which follow. Several of the most popular He Page 10 3 matches ibition, as the roots must be given a longer season of growth than is generally allowed for ordinary crops. It is usual to sow in pans or boxes of moistened soil, placed in a temperature Page 11 3 matches ers around London, many tons are imported from France, although it is generally admitted that they are neither so fine nor so rich in flavour as those produced in this country. If, howeve Page 12 4 matches celium; and very small pieces of spawn should be avoided because they generally result in small Mushrooms. Immediately the spawning is completed, a thick and even covering of clean straw Page 13 5 matches f for a short time daily. In the south, about the middle of April is generally a suitable time for transplanting to open beds, but in the event of a cold east wind prevailing a brief del Page 14 5 matches , and the Peas will give double the crop of a crowded plantation. The general sowings of Peas are made from March to June, but as regards the precise time, seasons and climates must be co Page 15 5 matches fertile sandy loam, lying well as regards sunshine and drainage, may generally be considered a first-rate Potato soil, and excellent crops have also been grown on thin soils overlying ch Page 16 8 matches s a moderate firming with the back of the spade may be desirable, but generally speaking it is sufficient to cover the seed lightly, and so leave it. To thin the crop early is, however, o Page 17 3 matches e place. In gardens near towns, where the land is at all heavy, it is generally useless to sow after August, as the autumnal fogs are likely to destroy a plant that is only just out of th Page 18 5 matches ts they should be transferred to pots of the fruiting size. No. 32 is generally used for the purpose. After the pots have been crocked some growers add a layer of half-inch bones, which a Page 19 9 matches ust. Ground from which some crop, such as Peas, has just been cleared generally needs little preparation beyond breaking the surface with a hoe, followed by a good raking. Thin the plants Page 20 2 matches r work a lean-to, facing south, possesses special advantages. But for general utility, if we had to erect a building on a well-drained soil, it should be dwarf, sunk three feet in the gro Page 21 1 match now in a frame, and transferred to the open at the end of April, will generally produce heads in the following August, September, and October. Artichokes, Jerusalem, may be planted this Page 22 1 match early varieties. In particularly late districts, and, perhaps, pretty generally in the North, the late Broccoli should be sown now, but in the Midlands and the South there is time to spar Page 23 5 matches time from the end of March to the beginning of May. Two sowings will generally suffice. Spinach.—Sow the Long-standing variety, which does not run so soon as the ordinary kind. If a pla Page 24 3 matches which will be ready for blanching in September. Cucumbers on ridges generally do well without water, but they must not be allowed to suffer from drought. If watering must be resorted to Page 25 5 matches cted on our own health when dirt poisons the air and damp hastens the general dissolution. It is therefore above all things necessary to keep the garden clean from end to end. All decayin Page 26 5 matches a clay that has been well cultivated through several generations will generally produce a fair return for whatever crop may be put upon it. Limestone soils are usually very porous and def Page 27 2 matches ent can only be of use when the others are present in the soil, it is generally advisable to apply one from each class, either separately or mixed, in order to insure that the crop is sup Page 28 1 match ifically with certain flowers, it may be advisable to say a few words generally concerning the culture of Annuals—Hardy, Half-hardy, and Tender—and also on hardy Biennials and Perennials. Page 29 5 matches a good chance from the first. Tender Annuals.—These require the same general treatment as advised for half-hardy annuals. But it is desirable to sow in a stronger heat than is necessary Page 30 5 matches t the Show Auriculas take precedence over the Alpine section; but for general usefulness the Alpines hold the first place. They may be fearlessly put into the open border, and especially Page 31 2 matches e maintained without it. When growth commences in spring, which will generally be early in March, give each plant its final shift into eight-or ten-inch pots. This must be done before th Page 32 1 match l always insure for it a high position in public favour. It is now so generally raised from seed that no other mode of culture need be alluded to. The plant is rapid in growth, very succu Page 33 1 match , may be flowered in the autumn of the same year. But the method more generally practised is to sow on prepared beds in the open during June or July, and to transfer the seedlings when su Page 34 1 match oil and climate. In the southern counties, and on light land, it will generally be safe to winter Hollyhocks in the open, with merely a shelter of dry fern or litter. But in heavy loam or Page 35 1 match y the sun has not sufficient power to do mischief, so that shading is generally unnecessary. An even temperature and freedom from draughts should insure seedlings strong enough to prick o Page 36 5 matches rf compact varieties are also highly prized for effective massing and general usefulness. The latter attain a height seldom exceeding six inches, and are therefore eminently suitable for Page 37 3 matches plants form conspicuous ornaments and they should be freely grown for general decorative purposes. On special occasions the pots may be plunged to create a brilliant show of bloom as temp Page 38 4 matches urable season, and the flowers are of immense size. The double strain generally reaches six feet in height, and is valuable for its fine show of colour and enduring quality. There is no d Page 39 3 matches r, and may be cleared off in time to make way for the plants that are generally employed in the summer display and which are known as ‘bedding plants’ _par excellence_. In the management Page 40 4 matches compost. Although the individual flowers produced by this method are generally very fine, and the total effect of the bed is exceedingly beautiful, yet the truth must be confessed that f Page 41 2 matches RIA Fritillarias produce bell-shaped flowers, varying in colour, but generally of a purplish tint, and beautifully spotted. They thrive in a good deep loam, but may be grown in almost an Page 43 3 matches velopment of the flower-heads is surprisingly rapid, and a large bulb generally produces several clusters of sweetly scented flowers. But if the bulbs are forced too quickly the blossoms Page 44 1 match y more heat than is actually necessary. Deviations from this rule are generally traceable to neglect. If the proper season for sowing seed of some important flower has been allowed to pas Page 45 2 matches A. plumosus_ have become indispensable for bouquets, buttonholes, and general decorative purposes. _A. decumbens_ and _A. Sprengeri_ are most graceful plants in hanging-baskets. Seed of t Page 47 4 matches ps among dwarf fruit trees. Tigridia, or Ferraria.—Finer flowers are generally obtained from the open border than from pots, and the bulbs should be planted out three or four inches deep Page 48 3 matches not be too late to sow in June or July, but the finest specimens are generally produced from May sowings. The best results can always be obtained by raising the required number annually Page 49 1 match ll gardens and conservatories during the summer months. But it is not generally realised that several favourite outdoor annuals are as serviceable for flowering under glass in the short d Page 50 4 matches defer the finishing temperature until the latest moment possible. For general decorative purposes, small pots will be found extremely convenient when a brilliant display is wanted in a li Page 51 6 matches ext season. Lily of the Valley.—The forcing of this favourite flower generally begins in November, and it is important to secure roots which are thoroughly matured for the purpose. They Page 52 6 matches sentations of both. The fly lays six to eight eggs on an Onion plant, generally just above the ground. These eggs hatch in from five to seven days, according to the temperature, and the m Page 53 3 matches er that they soon see through our devices, which then fail of effect. Generally speaking, two rules may be prescribed. In the first place it is imprudent to fill up their holes or stop th Page 54 1 match n a variety of names in different parts of the country, but it is now generally known as the Wart or Cauliflower Disease, the latter term being attributable to the Cauliflower-like appear Page 56 1 match SSUED BY SUTTON & SONS. Sutton’s Amateur’s Guide in Horticulture and General Garden Seed Catalogue. Containing Descriptive Lists of the finest strains of Vegetables, and the most beauti

Onion, 92, 123, 158, 162, 169, 175, 184, 185, 189 —Fly, 420 —Grub, 99 —Mildew, 442 —Pickling, 99, 175 —Potato, 99 —Salading, 184 —Underground, 99, 197 Orache, 132 Orange Daisy, 263 Origanum Majorana, 67 —Onites, 67 Ornithogalum, 347, 409 Ovularia elliptica, 448 Oxalis, 347, 406 Ox-eye Daisy, 250, 381 Pansy, 282, 369, 393 Papaver, 288, 397 Parsley, 68, 162, 176, 185, 187, 191, 197 Parsnip, 100, 162, 169, 193 Pastinaca sativa, 100 Pea, 101, 158, 162, 169, 176, 180, 184, 185, 187, 190, 195 —Disease, 443 —Siphon-Aphis, 417 —Sweet, 303, 371, 373, 379, 400, 406 Peat for Pot Plants, 356 Pelargonium, 265, 283, 369, 399 Pennyroyal, 69 Pentstemon, 283, 378 Pepper, Bird, 40 —Cayenne, 40 Perennial Phlox, 287, 378 Perennials, Hardy, 227, 386 Perilla nankinensis, 222 Peronospora arborescens, 450 —infestans, 437 —Schleideni, 442 —viciæ, 443 Perpetual Spinach, 132, 170, 176 Pests of Garden Plants, 414 —Fungus, of certain Flowers, 447 —of certain Garden Plants, 434 Petunia, 284, 363, 369, 383, 388 Phacelia, 373, 397 Phaseolus multiflorus, 22 —vulgaris, 17 Phlox Drummondii, 286, 369, 378, 398 —Perennial, 287, 387 Phorbia brassicæ, 421 —cepetorum, 99, 421 Phosphatic manures, 211 Phytophthora infestans, 117, 437, 445 Pickling Cucumber, 183 —Onion, 99, 175 Picotee, 287, 383, 399 Pink, 262, 288, 383 Pisum sativum, 101 Plasmodiophora brassicæ, 434 Platystemon, 373 Plumed Cockscomb, 248 Polianthes tuberosa, 351 Pollination of Melons, 84 Polyanthus, 288, 370, 394 —Narcissus, 344 Poppy, 288, 373, 378, 386 —Disease, 450 —Iceland, 397 —Shirley, 397 Portugal Cabbage, 53, 162 Portulaca, 289, 388, 394 —oleracea, 69 Potash manures, 212 Potato, 108, 158, 169, 176, 185, 187, 192, 193 —Disease, 117, 437 —Onion, 99 —spraying, 440 —Wart Disease of, 440 Pot Marigold, 67, 278 —Marjoram, 67 Pots, cleaning, 357 —sizes of, 357 Potting soil, 355 Primrose, 289, 370, 394 —Cape, 302 —Chinese, 291 Primula Auricula, 236 —Half-hardy, 292, 370 —Hardy, 293 —sinensis, 291, 388, 394, 396 —stellata, 292 —(veris) elatior, 288 —vulgaris, 289 Prince’s Feather, 373 Psila rosæ, 419 Puccinia malvacearum, 449 Pumpkin, 63, 180 Purslane, 69, 123, 289 Pyrethrum, 386 Radish, 118, 123, 159, 163, 170, 185, 187, 197 Rampion, 70, 123 Ranunculus, 293, 348, 370, 411 Raphanus sativus, 118 Rats, 432 Red Cabbage, 38, 166, 174, 188 —Spider, 426 Reseda odorata, 279 Rheum hybridum, 120 Rhubarb, 120, 163, 193 Ricinus, 293, 371, 384 Ridge Cucumber, 60, 179, 187 Roman Hyacinth, 337, 399, 404, 408 Root-knot Eelworm, 424, 445 Roots, Storing, 193 Rosemary, 70 Rosmarinus officinalis, 70 Rotation of Crops, 198 Rubbish, Garden, 185 Rudbeckia, 373 Rue, 70 Rumex scutatus, 70 Runner Bean, 22, 178, 183 Ruta graveolens, 70 Sacred Lily, Chinese, 346 Sage, 70 Saintpaulia, 295 Salad, Corn, 53, 122, 161, 185, 189 Salads, 122 Salpiglossis, 295, 371, 373, 398 Salsify, 123, 124, 176, 193 Salvia, 70, 295 Sanvitalia, 373 Saponaria, 373, 397 Satureia hortensis, 70 —montana, 70 Savory, Summer, 70 —Winter, 70 Savoy Cabbage, 38, 163, 181 Saxifrage, 386 Scabious, 397 Scale, 426 Schizanthus, 296, 378, 399 Schizoneura lanigera, 418 Scilla, 348, 400, 409 Scorzonera, 125, 170 —hispanica, 125 Sea Kale, 125, 159, 163, 170, 195 —Beet, 27 Sea Lavender, 298, 364, 379 Seed Sowing in January, 152 Senecio, 297 —Disease, 447 September work among Flowers, 400 —in the Vegetable Garden, 190 Septoria apii, 442 Shallot, 123, 129, 164, 187 Shrubby Calceolaria, 243, 366 Silene, 298, 373, 397, 400 Silver, or Sea Kale, Beet, 27 Sinapis alba, 92 —nigra, 92 Siphonophora pisi, 417 Sizes of Pots, 357 Sleepy Disease of Tomato, 444 Slugs, 429 Snails, 430 Snapdragon, 230 Snowdrop, 349, 406 Snowflake, Spring, 339 —Summer, 339 Soil for Pot Plants, 355 Solanum, 298, 371, 378, 394 —esculentum, 61 —Melongena, 61 —tuberosum, 108 Sorrel, 70, 123 Sparaxis, 338, 406 Sparrows, 106, 282, 326 Spearmint, 68 Spider, Red, 426 Spinach, 130, 159, 164, 170, 176, 185, 187, 192 —Beet, 132, 170, 176 —Moth Grub, 187 —New Zealand, 131, 170, 181 —Perpetual, 132, 170, 176 Spinacia oleracea, 130 Spirals, 132 Spraying Potatoes, 440 Spring Broccoli, 31 —flowering Stock, 301, 394, 400 —Flowers from Seeds, 313 Spring-Jack, 431 Spring Snowflake, 339 Sprouting Broccoli, 33, 188 Sprouts, Brussels, 33, 161, 166, 173, 178 Squill, Blue, 348 Stachys tuberifera, 132 Star of Bethlehem, 347 —Cineraria, 252 —Primula, 292 —of the Veldt, 263, 375 Static, 298, 364, 379 Stock, 299 —Intermediate, 301, 371, 400 —Spring-flowering, 301, 394, 400 —Summer-flowering, or Ten-week, 299, 379, 384, 389 —Winter-flowering, 301, 394 —Virginian, 373, 397 Stored Bulbs, 413 Storing Roots, 193 Strawberry, 133, 159, 170, 190 —Alpine, 137, 159, 170 —Forced, 136 Streptocarpus, 302 —Wendlandii, 302 ‘Stripe’ of Tomato, 444 Sugar Corn, 80, 180 Sultan’s Balsam, 273 Sultan, Sweet, 373, 397 Summer Broccoli, 32 —Cypress, 274 —flowering, or Ten-week Stock, 299, 379, 384, 389 —Savory, 70 —Snowflake, 339 —sown Vegetables for Autumn and Winter use, 185, 188 Sunflower, 138, 302, 373, 385 Swan River Daisy, 373, 398 Swede, 147 Sweet Basil, 66 —Herbs, 64, 168, 174 —Knotted Marjoram, 67 —Pea, 303, 371, 373, 379, 400, 406 —Sultan, 373, 397 —William, 307, 389 Synchytrium endobioticum, 440 Tagetes, 277 Taraxacum officinale, 60 Tarragon, 71 Temperature of Greenhouses, 358 Tender Annuals, 227 Ten-week Stock, 299, 379, 384, 389 Tetragonia expansa, 131 Tetranychus telarius, 426 Thalictrum, 386 Thrips, 427 Thyme, Common, 71 —Lemon, 71 Thymus Serpyllum vulgaris, 71 —vulgaris, 71 Tigridia, 350, 379 Tipula oleracea, 424 Tobacco, 281, 369, 388, 393 Tomato, 123, 138, 159, 164, 171, 181, 190 —Diseases, 443 Torenia, 308 Tragopogon porrifolius, 124 Traps for Vermin, 415 Trichobasis senecionis, 447 Triteleia uniflora, 350, 409 Tritonia, 350, 411 Tropæolum, 308, 351 —canariense, 308, 383 —majus, 308 —nanum, 309 —speciosum, 351 —tuberosum, 351, 406 Tuberose, 351, 409 Tuberous-rooted Begonia, 238, 323, 360, 366, 391, 401 Tufted Pansy, 310 Tulip, 352, 406, 409, 411 Turban Ranunculus, 348, 370 Turnip, 144, 164, 176, 182, 185, 187, 190, 193 —Fly or Flea, 422 Turnip-gall Weevil, 437 Turnip-rooted Celery, 51 Underground Onion, 99, 197 Uredo senecionis, 447 Urocystis gladioli, 448 Valerianella olitoria, 53 Vallota purpurea, 353, 372 Vegetable Garden, A Year’s Work in, 151 —Rotation of Crops in, 198 —Marrow, 147, 176, 182 —Oyster, 123, 124, 176 Vegetables, The Culture of, 1 Ventilating Greenhouses and Frames, 358 Venus’ Looking-glass, 373, 397 —Navel-wort, 373 Verbascum, 386 Verbena, 309, 364, 372, 380, 389 Vermin, Garden, Eradication of, 414 —Traps, 415 Viola, 310, 386 —tricolor, 282 Violet Diseases, 451 —Dog’s-tooth, 327, 402 Virginian Stock, 373, 397 Viscaria, 373, 397 Wallflower, 310, 390, 395, 409 Warm Border, 196 Wart Disease of Potatoes, 440 Wasps, 430 Water Cress, 54, 123, 171 Watering Pot Plants, 357 Waxpod Bean, 24 Weeds, 190 Weevil, Turnip-gall, 437 Whitlavia, 373, 397 Wigandia, 311, 372 Windflower, 229, 321 Winter Aconite, 353, 410 —Broccoli, 31 Winter Cucumber, 58 —flowering Stock, 301, 394 —Greens, 171, 176, 187, 193 —Radish, 120 —Savory, 70 Wireworm, 43, 330, 381, 431 Witloof, 122 Woodlice, 432 Woolly Aphis, 418 Wormwood, 71 Xeranthemum, 373 Year’s Work in the Vegetable Garden, A, 151 Zea Mays, 80 Zephyranthes Candida, 354, 412 Zinnia, 311, 380, 385, 390, 395 Permanent and Temporary Pastures. By MARTIN SUTTON, F.L.S. _POPULAR EDITION_. In paper cover, price 1s. ‘“PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY PASTURES.”—Mr Martin Sutton speaks with authority on this absorbing subject, and his book should be in the hands of every farmer who desires to make the most of his opportunities; the information it affords is of the utmost practical advantage. Here will be found ample instruction, the results of knowledge acquired by experience and exhaustive experiment.’—ESTATES GAZETTE. Lawns, Including Cricket Grounds, Putting Greens and Bowling Greens. By SUTTON & SONS, Reading. _THIRTEENTH EDITION_. Price _2s. 6d._ net. Containing full particulars on preparing the ground, sowing seed, and after-management. Illustrated with numerous reproductions from beautiful photographs of Lawns, and including plans of Tennis Lawn and Croquet Ground. May be obtained through all Booksellers, from the Publishers, SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT & CO., LTD., LONDON. The Book of the Links. By MARTIN H.F. SUTTON, F.L.S. Royal 8vo. Price 15s. net. The book indispensable, from all points of view, to those concerned in the management of Golf Clubs. Illustrated with numerous excellent Photographs, and some striking original Cartoons by Tom Wilkinson. SUTTON & SONS, READING, SEEDSMEN TO HIS MAJESTY THE KING. WORKS ISSUED BY SUTTON & SONS. Sutton’s Amateur’s Guide in Horticulture and General Garden Seed Catalogue. Containing Descriptive Lists of the finest strains of Vegetables, and the most beautiful Flowers for the greenhouse, conservatory and garden. PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN JANUARY. Sent Gratis to regular Customers. Sutton’s Farmers’ Year-Book and Graziers’ Manual. Containing Information on Permanent and Temporary Pastures and Leys, Lists of Natural Grasses and Clovers; Descriptions of Turnips, Mangolds, and other Farm Crops. Gratis and Post Free to Customers. PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN FEBRUARY. Sutton’s Bulbs. Containing Descriptive Lists of Hyacinths, Narcissi, Tulips, Lilies and other Flowering Bulbs. Beautifully Illustrated, and sent Free to Regular Customers for Bulbs. PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN AUGUST. Bulletins. No. 1. Brassica Cresses. ”2. Tuber-bearing Solanums. ”3. Experiments in Crossing a Wild Pea from Palestine with Commercial Peas. ”4. Results obtained by Crossing a Wild Pea from Palestine with Commercial Types and Pisum sativum umbellatum. ”5. The Progress in Vegetable Cultivation during Queen Victoria’s Reign. ”6. The Effects of Radio-active Ores and Residues on Plant Life. (_First Series_.) ”7. The Effects of Radio-active Ores and Residues on Plant Life. (_Second Series_.) ”8. Experiments with Humogen in comparison with other Fertilisers. ”9. Do Potatoes give rise to New and Distinct Varieties by Bud-Variation? ”10. How Amateurs may secure three successive crops of Vegetables in twelve months without the aid of glass houses or of heat. ”11. The Electrification of Seeds by the Wolfryn Process. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10 by ARTHUR W. SUTTON, F.L.S., V.M.H. Nos. 6, 7, 8 and 11 by MARTIN H.F. SUTTON, F.L.S. Price _2s. 6d._ net each. SUTTON & SONS, READING, SEEDSMEN TO HIS MAJESTY THE KING. [1] For permission to reproduce the engravings numbered 1, 3, 4, and 5 from Professor Marshall Ward’s ‘Diseases of Plants,’ we gladly acknowledge our indebtedness to the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Professor W. Carruthers has kindly allowed us to use the illustrations numbered 2 and 6.

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