THE CULTURE OF VEGETABLES AND FLOWERS FROM SEEDS AND ROOTS TEXT

Sutton & Sons Ltd. · 1913 · 1.1 MB PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK BOOK DETAILS DOWNLOAD

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Page 2 6 matches e white sample in the beds, and the green by removal of the roots to frames. Forcing in beds may be accomplished by means of trenches filled with fermenting material or by hot-water p Page 3 4 matches , Beans may be started in pots in the greenhouse, or on turf sods in frames for planting out, in precisely the same way as Peas for early crops. This practice is convenient in cases w Page 4 3 matches he rich crimson hue it imparts to any article of food requiring it. Frame Culture.—Where the demand for Beet exists the whole year through, early sowings in heat are indispensable. F Page 5 8 matches me growers take them up with good balls of earth and plant them in a frame, or even pack them neatly in a cellar, and the heads finish fairly well, but not so well as undisturbed plan Page 6 15 matches Red Intermediate answers admirably. Forcing.—Carrots are forced in frames on very gentle hot-beds. They cannot be well grown in houses, and they must be grown slowly to be palatable Page 7 2 matches d as beyond the range of practice of any ordinary well-kept garden. Frame Cucumbers are the most in demand, and the easiest to grow. The very first point for the cultivator is to det Page 8 7 matches portant point is to employ soft water of the same temperature as the frame, and therefore a spare can, filled with water, must be always kept in the frame ready for use, and when empt Page 9 7 matches xurious table there should be added Basil, Chives, Pot and Sweet Marjoram, Summer and Winter Savory, Sorrel, Tarragon, and others that may be in especial favour. Large gardens general Page 10 11 matches temperature until mid-March, when they may be transferred to a cold frame to undergo progressive hardening in readiness for planting out at a favourable opportunity in April. There Page 11 9 matches therefore we shall say nothing about growing Melons in winter. The Frame Culture may with advantage begin about the middle of March by the preparation of a good hot-bed. It is best Page 12 2 matches ery layer, about three or four inches from the inside edge. A wooden frame will be requisite on the top to carry the glass lights. This structure makes a useful cool pit and a Mushroo Page 13 4 matches ep the boxes near the glass. Towards the end of March remove to cold frames, keeping the lights rather close for a few days, but gradually giving more air until the lights can be take Page 14 5 matches tre of each strip of turf, and cover with fine earth. By keeping the frame closed a more regular sprouting of the seed will be insured; but as soon as the plants rise, air must be giv Page 16 8 matches some sample the ground must not only be good, but finely broken up. Frame Culture.—For the earliest crops it is advisable to make a semi-hot-bed, by removing a portion of the surface Page 17 2 matches sual to grow them on a heap of discarded potting soil, where they can ramble without restraint. The growth is rapid, and there must be no stint of water in dry weather. In five or six Page 18 5 matches n of sand, and the compost must be well firmed into the pots with the ramming stick. The best place to keep the plants is an open airy situation, easily accessible, where the pots ca Page 19 6 matches s only forces a rank growth of foliage at the expense of the fruit. Frame culture is of some importance, because early Marrows are highly valued at good tables. For this business the Page 20 11 matches Round Spinach, Cabbage, and Carrot. All these crops may be grown in frames with greater safety, and in many exposed places the warm border is almost an impossibility. Reed hurdles an Page 21 20 matches pect of what remains undone, spare the necessity of reminders here. Frame Ground should be kept scrupulously clean and orderly. Many things will require watering now, but water must Page 22 11 matches inches of mellow loam over the entire surface, upon which place the frames. To insure drainage, it is an excellent plan to lay common flake hurdles on the top of the heap before addi Page 23 5 matches o become coarse. Broccoli to be sown for succession. Plant out from frames and forward seed-beds at every opportunity. About the middle of the month sow for cutting in May and June o Page 24 7 matches asses may be made from mid-July to mid-September, the dwarfs in cold frames and the climbers on narrow borders in any house that can be spared for the purpose. Broccoli to be planted Page 25 5 matches uce.—Continue to plant as before advised, and make a final sowing in frames not later than the middle of the month. Parsnips may be dug all the winter as wanted. Although a slight fr Page 27 1 match res have the opposite effect to the nitrogenous fertilisers, checking rampant growth and encouraging the early formation of flowers, fruit, and seeds. They are comparatively inexpensi Page 28 7 matches ortion of the finest flowers may be raised from seed by the aid of a frame and a little careful management. We will take as an example a very restricted garden. Here is a small frame Page 29 3 matches be sown during August or September in pots or pans placed in a cool frame, the seedlings being pricked off into other pots as soon as they have attained a suitable size. As colder we Page 30 6 matches el the top, and cover with four or five inches of rich soil. Place a frame upon it with the light a trifle open. When the thermometer indicates 60°, draw drills at six inches apart; s Page 31 7 matches to the roots as a skilful hand can make them carry. Place them in a frame, or in the sheltered part of a greenhouse, quite free from dripping water. Always give air on suitable days, Page 32 2 matches are not to cover the hearts of the plants. Place the pots in a close frame; attend to shading, and sprinkle with soft water both morning and evening until well established. In the sec Page 33 4 matches lia is a tender plant, it is easily managed in a greenhouse, or in a frame resting on a hot-bed. The seed may be sown as early as January, but unless sufficient space is at command to Page 34 9 matches ee in each 48-pot and when established grow on during winter in cold frames, giving air daily except in frosty weather, when the frames must remain closed and can be protected with wh Page 35 5 matches n. Lobelias make elegant pot plants, yet, with the exception of the _ramosa_ varieties which are excellent for the purpose, they cannot be grown satisfactorily in pots. The difficult Page 36 10 matches odating in their growth, and may be trained into various forms. The pyramid and fan-shape are most common, and the least objectionable. We confess, however, to a feeling of antipathy Page 37 6 matches render the mixture porous. For two or three days keep the boxes in a frame, which must remain closed and be shaded from sunshine until the seedlings are established, but remove the sh Page 38 8 matches o commence the preparation of the ground in autumn. Trenching is of paramount importance, for the roots of the Sweet Pea require a considerable depth of good soil in which to ramify f Page 39 1 match e inch in height can be potted off separately. Place them in a close frame, shade from sunshine, and when well established, gradually give air and harden off. It will not be safe to t Page 40 7 matches aken to fill the glasses as lightly as possible with the compost; if crammed in tightly the root growth is liable to lift the bulbs out of position. ACHIMENES Showy stove bulbs rema Page 41 5 matches ly there is no Cape bulb which can be grown with greater ease in the frame or cool greenhouse. One characteristic is very marked, and it is the disproportion between the small bulb an Page 42 5 matches h. In October remove the covering, and transfer the pots to a pit or frame, or they may be placed under the greenhouse stage for a time, provided they will not be in the way of drippi Page 43 2 matches e for naturalising in clumps or masses in the border. OXALIS These frame plants are suitable for the cool greenhouse or for forcing, and they are adapted also for the open border in Page 44 1 match e will answer for them, and some gardeners produce fair specimens in frames over hot-beds. The bulbs will lie dormant for a considerable time, so that it is easy to have a succession Page 45 3 matches der of the work of growing Anemones. Aquilegia sown this month in a frame will produce plants which may flower later in the year, provided the season is favourable; but they will cer Page 46 5 matches them, and place in a cool frame until established. Plenty of space, no more water than is absolutely essential, and progressive ventilation, Page 47 7 matches ere is, however, no danger at all in sowing in pans placed in a cool frame. The plants should be potted immediately they are large enough to handle. The flowering from this sowing wil Page 48 5 matches heap of ashes. But, as a rule, it will be necessary to store them in frames until spring; and they may be finer in the second than in the first season. Cineraria.—To insure a success Page 49 5 matches and place them in a sheltered part of the greenhouse or in a shaded frame, allowing free access of air on the leeward side. If aphis has to be dealt with—and it is very partial to Ca Page 50 9 matches les. When the tops begin to grow, remove the pots to a greenhouse or frame, and subdue the light for a brief period until the natural colour is gained. Thence transfer to the forcing- Page 51 3 matches this flower is to pot the bulbs now or in December, and keep them in frames until April, when they may be transferred to the open ground. A dry soil and a sunny spot should be found f Page 53 3 matches aught, and they may be completely eradicated by perseverance. When a frame or pit is infested, they can be destroyed wholesale by pouring boiling water down next the brickwork or the Page 55 4 matches of autumn is caused by the brown _Puccinia violæ_, allied to the _P. graminis_ of Corn and to the _P. malvacearum_ of Hollyhocks and various malvaceous plants. The _Puccinia_ of Viole Page 56 4 matches —spraying, 440 —Wart Disease of, 440 Pot Marigold, 67, 278 —Marjoram, 67 Pots, cleaning, 357 —sizes of, 357 Potting soil, 355 Primrose, 289, 370, 394 —Cape, 302 —Chinese, 2

Onion, 92, 123, 158, 162, 169, 175, 184, 185, 189 —Fly, 420 —Grub, 99 —Mildew, 442 —Pickling, 99, 175 —Potato, 99 —Salading, 184 —Underground, 99, 197 Orache, 132 Orange Daisy, 263 Origanum Majorana, 67 —Onites, 67 Ornithogalum, 347, 409 Ovularia elliptica, 448 Oxalis, 347, 406 Ox-eye Daisy, 250, 381 Pansy, 282, 369, 393 Papaver, 288, 397 Parsley, 68, 162, 176, 185, 187, 191, 197 Parsnip, 100, 162, 169, 193 Pastinaca sativa, 100 Pea, 101, 158, 162, 169, 176, 180, 184, 185, 187, 190, 195 —Disease, 443 —Siphon-Aphis, 417 —Sweet, 303, 371, 373, 379, 400, 406 Peat for Pot Plants, 356 Pelargonium, 265, 283, 369, 399 Pennyroyal, 69 Pentstemon, 283, 378 Pepper, Bird, 40 —Cayenne, 40 Perennial Phlox, 287, 378 Perennials, Hardy, 227, 386 Perilla nankinensis, 222 Peronospora arborescens, 450 —infestans, 437 —Schleideni, 442 —viciæ, 443 Perpetual Spinach, 132, 170, 176 Pests of Garden Plants, 414 —Fungus, of certain Flowers, 447 —of certain Garden Plants, 434 Petunia, 284, 363, 369, 383, 388 Phacelia, 373, 397 Phaseolus multiflorus, 22 —vulgaris, 17 Phlox Drummondii, 286, 369, 378, 398 —Perennial, 287, 387 Phorbia brassicæ, 421 —cepetorum, 99, 421 Phosphatic manures, 211 Phytophthora infestans, 117, 437, 445 Pickling Cucumber, 183 —Onion, 99, 175 Picotee, 287, 383, 399 Pink, 262, 288, 383 Pisum sativum, 101 Plasmodiophora brassicæ, 434 Platystemon, 373 Plumed Cockscomb, 248 Polianthes tuberosa, 351 Pollination of Melons, 84 Polyanthus, 288, 370, 394 —Narcissus, 344 Poppy, 288, 373, 378, 386 —Disease, 450 —Iceland, 397 —Shirley, 397 Portugal Cabbage, 53, 162 Portulaca, 289, 388, 394 —oleracea, 69 Potash manures, 212 Potato, 108, 158, 169, 176, 185, 187, 192, 193 —Disease, 117, 437 —Onion, 99 —spraying, 440 —Wart Disease of, 440 Pot Marigold, 67, 278 —Marjoram, 67 Pots, cleaning, 357 —sizes of, 357 Potting soil, 355 Primrose, 289, 370, 394 —Cape, 302 —Chinese, 291 Primula Auricula, 236 —Half-hardy, 292, 370 —Hardy, 293 —sinensis, 291, 388, 394, 396 —stellata, 292 —(veris) elatior, 288 —vulgaris, 289 Prince’s Feather, 373 Psila rosæ, 419 Puccinia malvacearum, 449 Pumpkin, 63, 180 Purslane, 69, 123, 289 Pyrethrum, 386 Radish, 118, 123, 159, 163, 170, 185, 187, 197 Rampion, 70, 123 Ranunculus, 293, 348, 370, 411 Raphanus sativus, 118 Rats, 432 Red Cabbage, 38, 166, 174, 188 —Spider, 426 Reseda odorata, 279 Rheum hybridum, 120 Rhubarb, 120, 163, 193 Ricinus, 293, 371, 384 Ridge Cucumber, 60, 179, 187 Roman Hyacinth, 337, 399, 404, 408 Root-knot Eelworm, 424, 445 Roots, Storing, 193 Rosemary, 70 Rosmarinus officinalis, 70 Rotation of Crops, 198 Rubbish, Garden, 185 Rudbeckia, 373 Rue, 70 Rumex scutatus, 70 Runner Bean, 22, 178, 183 Ruta graveolens, 70 Sacred Lily, Chinese, 346 Sage, 70 Saintpaulia, 295 Salad, Corn, 53, 122, 161, 185, 189 Salads, 122 Salpiglossis, 295, 371, 373, 398 Salsify, 123, 124, 176, 193 Salvia, 70, 295 Sanvitalia, 373 Saponaria, 373, 397 Satureia hortensis, 70 —montana, 70 Savory, Summer, 70 —Winter, 70 Savoy Cabbage, 38, 163, 181 Saxifrage, 386 Scabious, 397 Scale, 426 Schizanthus, 296, 378, 399 Schizoneura lanigera, 418 Scilla, 348, 400, 409 Scorzonera, 125, 170 —hispanica, 125 Sea Kale, 125, 159, 163, 170, 195 —Beet, 27 Sea Lavender, 298, 364, 379 Seed Sowing in January, 152 Senecio, 297 —Disease, 447 September work among Flowers, 400 —in the Vegetable Garden, 190 Septoria apii, 442 Shallot, 123, 129, 164, 187 Shrubby Calceolaria, 243, 366 Silene, 298, 373, 397, 400 Silver, or Sea Kale, Beet, 27 Sinapis alba, 92 —nigra, 92 Siphonophora pisi, 417 Sizes of Pots, 357 Sleepy Disease of Tomato, 444 Slugs, 429 Snails, 430 Snapdragon, 230 Snowdrop, 349, 406 Snowflake, Spring, 339 —Summer, 339 Soil for Pot Plants, 355 Solanum, 298, 371, 378, 394 —esculentum, 61 —Melongena, 61 —tuberosum, 108 Sorrel, 70, 123 Sparaxis, 338, 406 Sparrows, 106, 282, 326 Spearmint, 68 Spider, Red, 426 Spinach, 130, 159, 164, 170, 176, 185, 187, 192 —Beet, 132, 170, 176 —Moth Grub, 187 —New Zealand, 131, 170, 181 —Perpetual, 132, 170, 176 Spinacia oleracea, 130 Spirals, 132 Spraying Potatoes, 440 Spring Broccoli, 31 —flowering Stock, 301, 394, 400 —Flowers from Seeds, 313 Spring-Jack, 431 Spring Snowflake, 339 Sprouting Broccoli, 33, 188 Sprouts, Brussels, 33, 161, 166, 173, 178 Squill, Blue, 348 Stachys tuberifera, 132 Star of Bethlehem, 347 —Cineraria, 252 —Primula, 292 —of the Veldt, 263, 375 Static, 298, 364, 379 Stock, 299 —Intermediate, 301, 371, 400 —Spring-flowering, 301, 394, 400 —Summer-flowering, or Ten-week, 299, 379, 384, 389 —Winter-flowering, 301, 394 —Virginian, 373, 397 Stored Bulbs, 413 Storing Roots, 193 Strawberry, 133, 159, 170, 190 —Alpine, 137, 159, 170 —Forced, 136 Streptocarpus, 302 —Wendlandii, 302 ‘Stripe’ of Tomato, 444 Sugar Corn, 80, 180 Sultan’s Balsam, 273 Sultan, Sweet, 373, 397 Summer Broccoli, 32 —Cypress, 274 —flowering, or Ten-week Stock, 299, 379, 384, 389 —Savory, 70 —Snowflake, 339 —sown Vegetables for Autumn and Winter use, 185, 188 Sunflower, 138, 302, 373, 385 Swan River Daisy, 373, 398 Swede, 147 Sweet Basil, 66 —Herbs, 64, 168, 174 —Knotted Marjoram, 67 —Pea, 303, 371, 373, 379, 400, 406 —Sultan, 373, 397 —William, 307, 389 Synchytrium endobioticum, 440 Tagetes, 277 Taraxacum officinale, 60 Tarragon, 71 Temperature of Greenhouses, 358 Tender Annuals, 227 Ten-week Stock, 299, 379, 384, 389 Tetragonia expansa, 131 Tetranychus telarius, 426 Thalictrum, 386 Thrips, 427 Thyme, Common, 71 —Lemon, 71 Thymus Serpyllum vulgaris, 71 —vulgaris, 71 Tigridia, 350, 379 Tipula oleracea, 424 Tobacco, 281, 369, 388, 393 Tomato, 123, 138, 159, 164, 171, 181, 190 —Diseases, 443 Torenia, 308 Tragopogon porrifolius, 124 Traps for Vermin, 415 Trichobasis senecionis, 447 Triteleia uniflora, 350, 409 Tritonia, 350, 411 Tropæolum, 308, 351 —canariense, 308, 383 —majus, 308 —nanum, 309 —speciosum, 351 —tuberosum, 351, 406 Tuberose, 351, 409 Tuberous-rooted Begonia, 238, 323, 360, 366, 391, 401 Tufted Pansy, 310 Tulip, 352, 406, 409, 411 Turban Ranunculus, 348, 370 Turnip, 144, 164, 176, 182, 185, 187, 190, 193 —Fly or Flea, 422 Turnip-gall Weevil, 437 Turnip-rooted Celery, 51 Underground Onion, 99, 197 Uredo senecionis, 447 Urocystis gladioli, 448 Valerianella olitoria, 53 Vallota purpurea, 353, 372 Vegetable Garden, A Year’s Work in, 151 —Rotation of Crops in, 198 —Marrow, 147, 176, 182 —Oyster, 123, 124, 176 Vegetables, The Culture of, 1 Ventilating Greenhouses and Frames, 358 Venus’ Looking-glass, 373, 397 —Navel-wort, 373 Verbascum, 386 Verbena, 309, 364, 372, 380, 389 Vermin, Garden, Eradication of, 414 —Traps, 415 Viola, 310, 386 —tricolor, 282 Violet Diseases, 451 —Dog’s-tooth, 327, 402 Virginian Stock, 373, 397 Viscaria, 373, 397 Wallflower, 310, 390, 395, 409 Warm Border, 196 Wart Disease of Potatoes, 440 Wasps, 430 Water Cress, 54, 123, 171 Watering Pot Plants, 357 Waxpod Bean, 24 Weeds, 190 Weevil, Turnip-gall, 437 Whitlavia, 373, 397 Wigandia, 311, 372 Windflower, 229, 321 Winter Aconite, 353, 410 —Broccoli, 31 Winter Cucumber, 58 —flowering Stock, 301, 394 —Greens, 171, 176, 187, 193 —Radish, 120 —Savory, 70 Wireworm, 43, 330, 381, 431 Witloof, 122 Woodlice, 432 Woolly Aphis, 418 Wormwood, 71 Xeranthemum, 373 Year’s Work in the Vegetable Garden, A, 151 Zea Mays, 80 Zephyranthes Candida, 354, 412 Zinnia, 311, 380, 385, 390, 395 Permanent and Temporary Pastures. By MARTIN SUTTON, F.L.S. _POPULAR EDITION_. In paper cover, price 1s. ‘“PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY PASTURES.”—Mr Martin Sutton speaks with authority on this absorbing subject, and his book should be in the hands of every farmer who desires to make the most of his opportunities; the information it affords is of the utmost practical advantage. Here will be found ample instruction, the results of knowledge acquired by experience and exhaustive experiment.’—ESTATES GAZETTE. Lawns, Including Cricket Grounds, Putting Greens and Bowling Greens. By SUTTON & SONS, Reading. _THIRTEENTH EDITION_. Price _2s. 6d._ net. Containing full particulars on preparing the ground, sowing seed, and after-management. Illustrated with numerous reproductions from beautiful photographs of Lawns, and including plans of Tennis Lawn and Croquet Ground. May be obtained through all Booksellers, from the Publishers, SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT & CO., LTD., LONDON. The Book of the Links. By MARTIN H.F. SUTTON, F.L.S. Royal 8vo. Price 15s. net. The book indispensable, from all points of view, to those concerned in the management of Golf Clubs. Illustrated with numerous excellent Photographs, and some striking original Cartoons by Tom Wilkinson. SUTTON & SONS, READING, SEEDSMEN TO HIS MAJESTY THE KING. WORKS ISSUED BY SUTTON & SONS. Sutton’s Amateur’s Guide in Horticulture and General Garden Seed Catalogue. Containing Descriptive Lists of the finest strains of Vegetables, and the most beautiful Flowers for the greenhouse, conservatory and garden. PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN JANUARY. Sent Gratis to regular Customers. Sutton’s Farmers’ Year-Book and Graziers’ Manual. Containing Information on Permanent and Temporary Pastures and Leys, Lists of Natural Grasses and Clovers; Descriptions of Turnips, Mangolds, and other Farm Crops. Gratis and Post Free to Customers. PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN FEBRUARY. Sutton’s Bulbs. Containing Descriptive Lists of Hyacinths, Narcissi, Tulips, Lilies and other Flowering Bulbs. Beautifully Illustrated, and sent Free to Regular Customers for Bulbs. PUBLISHED ANNUALLY IN AUGUST. Bulletins. No. 1. Brassica Cresses. ”2. Tuber-bearing Solanums. ”3. Experiments in Crossing a Wild Pea from Palestine with Commercial Peas. ”4. Results obtained by Crossing a Wild Pea from Palestine with Commercial Types and Pisum sativum umbellatum. ”5. The Progress in Vegetable Cultivation during Queen Victoria’s Reign. ”6. The Effects of Radio-active Ores and Residues on Plant Life. (_First Series_.) ”7. The Effects of Radio-active Ores and Residues on Plant Life. (_Second Series_.) ”8. Experiments with Humogen in comparison with other Fertilisers. ”9. Do Potatoes give rise to New and Distinct Varieties by Bud-Variation? ”10. How Amateurs may secure three successive crops of Vegetables in twelve months without the aid of glass houses or of heat. ”11. The Electrification of Seeds by the Wolfryn Process. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10 by ARTHUR W. SUTTON, F.L.S., V.M.H. Nos. 6, 7, 8 and 11 by MARTIN H.F. SUTTON, F.L.S. Price _2s. 6d._ net each. SUTTON & SONS, READING, SEEDSMEN TO HIS MAJESTY THE KING. [1] For permission to reproduce the engravings numbered 1, 3, 4, and 5 from Professor Marshall Ward’s ‘Diseases of Plants,’ we gladly acknowledge our indebtedness to the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. Professor W. Carruthers has kindly allowed us to use the illustrations numbered 2 and 6.

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