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SPECIAL REPORT ON DISEASES OF CATTLE TEXT

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Page 1 6 matches underscores_. Subscripts are represented by an underscore and curly braces: _{2} (for example, SiO_{2}). Ligatures which cannot be reproduced in the Latin-1 character set are enclosed Page 2 13 matches the digestive organs are very common among cattle, and may often be traced to defects in feeding. The first three stomachs of the larger ruminants hold the feed for a long time, durin Page 3 13 matches lution in water, should be applied on the swollen gland and kept in place by means of a bandage. Whenever the poultice has cooled it should be replaced by a new one. This treatment sh Page 4 6 matches LOW HORN; LOSS OF CUD; WOLF IN THE TAIL). It would appear quite in place here, in connection with the diseases of the stomach and bowels of cattle, to consider the three old fallacie Page 5 18 matches at is characterized by the formation of a false membrane upon the surface of the lining membrane of the intestines, particularly the large ones. _Symptoms._--There is fever, depressi Page 6 9 matches r of the abdominal organs protruding through it. This is what takes place when this method has a favorable result, though if the umbilicus does not become adherent and the skin slough Page 7 8 matches on of purgatives which promote a watery discharge from the mucous surface of the bowels also tends, by diminishing the serum of the blood, to bring about absorption and a gradual remo Page 8 11 matches f cattle sometimes comes from their having licked freshly painted surfaces and thus swallowed compounds containing white lead. In several instances cattle have been poisoned by silage Page 9 1 match a cornfield. WATER HEMLOCK (CICUTA). This plant, growing in wet places by ditches and along creeks, is the most poisonous of North American plants. The root is the poisonous part, Page 10 10 matches given in an overdose, or when applied as a blister to too large a surface of skin enough may be absorbed to poison. If given by the mouth, it causes severe irritation of the gastroint Page 11 15 matches ained, the feet are drawn somewhat together, the back is arched, the face has an anxious expression. If the disease is of several days' standing, there is likely to be soft swelling ( Page 12 7 matches expression of the eye; by the distress and suffering apparent in the face; and by other evidences. The general physical condition and attitude of the sick animal tell the careful obs Page 13 12 matches is profuse and persistent, either a drench composed of 1-1/2 drams of acetate of lead dissolved in a pint of water or 1-1/2 drams of gallic acid dissolved in a pint of water should be Page 14 10 matches ecedes the tail). The spinal cord gives off branches at each of the spaces between the segments of the backbone. These branches form nerve trunks which carry both sensory and motor im Page 15 5 matches , to a greater or less extent, may be the result. Fracture, with displacement of the bones (vertebrÊ) which form the spinal column, by compressing the spinal cord, produces paralysis, Page 16 7 matches uch (pelvis) situated in an excavation in the center of the lower surface. While the ox is the only domesticated quadruped which maintains this divided condition of the kidney after b Page 17 6 matches . It has also been distinguished according to the changes that take place in the kidney, especially as seen after death, according to the quantity of albumin in the urine, and accordi Page 18 3 matches tions of warm water; Spanish-fly blisters must be washed from the surface; a prolonged and too active exertion must be intermitted. The spasm may be relaxed by injecting one-half ounc Page 19 14 matches luble form in combination as silicate of potash, but at times is displaced by oxalic or other acid and then appears as gritty, sandy particles in the stem. This gritty, insoluble sili Page 20 4 matches scle (accelerator urinÊ) beneath the anus (Pl. IX, fig. 2) may take place in a rhythmical or pulsating manner. As a rule, however, no symptom is noticed for two days, only the animal Page 21 16 matches well as increased predisposition to disease. When the heifers of the race have for generation after generation been bred under a year old, the demand for the nourishment of the fetus Page 22 10 matches ss when handled; the wrinkles in the skin become shallower and are effaced, and the teats are materially enlarged. Beginning a few weeks after conception, this tends to a steady devel Page 23 5 matches pery stalls in which the flooring boards are laid longitudinally in place of transversely, and on which there is no device to give a firm foothold, are almost equally dangerous. Drivi Page 24 17 matches inclosure separate from the females and in having all services take place on neutral ground. Great care should be used in purchasing cattle, and cows not known to be free from the di Page 25 11 matches he. If, therefore, it is possible to anticipate and prevent this displacement and compression of the navel string it should be done, but if this is no longer possible, then the extrac Page 26 11 matches ference in direction we can easily select the two feet of one calf, place running nooses upon them just above the hoofs or fetlocks, and have an assistant drag upon the ropes while th Page 27 10 matches t first, or if now, the lower jaw can be reached, a noose should be placed around it behind the incisor teeth and traction made upon this, so that the head may continue to be turned, Page 28 12 matches ring the feet into the pelvis, lest they get inbent or otherwise displaced and add unnecessary complications. With a transverse direction of the calf, the head being turned to one si Page 29 15 matches extracts the calf and gives it to an attendant to convey to a safe place. The womb may be drawn out, but not until all the liquid has flowed out, and the fetal membranes must be sepa Page 30 21 matches f blood which accumulated in clots around the calf. Other causes are laceration of the cotyledons of the womb, or from an antecedent inflammation of the placenta, and the unnatural ad Page 31 9 matches hich is attached to the firm fungus-shaped cotyledon on the inner surface of the womb, is seized by the little finger, and the other fingers and thumb are closed on it so as to tear i Page 32 5 matches not of induration of the feces, as often shown by the semiliquid, pultaceous condition of the contents after death. The bladder, too, is paralyzed and fails to expel its contents. A f Page 33 11 matches mass, causing permanent hardening (induration). In other cases, in place of the product of inflammation developing into a fibrous mass, it softens and breaks down into white, creamy, Page 34 8 matches n the body of the cow, but in five or six hours after milking the surface layers are found to be one dense network of filaments. If a needle is dipped in this and lifted the liquid is Page 35 8 matches black, soft, friable, and pultaceous. If the pus is white, creamy, and comparatively inoffensive in odor, the secondary formations in internal Page 36 7 matches wo-thirds. If the stools smell particularly sour, the milk may be replaced by 1 ounce calcined magnesia, and in any case a tablespoonful or two of limewater must be given with each me Page 37 9 matches cation, relation, and function of each one. In early fetal life the place of bone is supplied by temporary cartilage, which gradually changes to bone. For convenience of study, bones Page 38 19 matches st one another from the muscular contraction which invariably takes place, hangs dependent from the body it swings in an awkward and unnatural manner, permitting the toe and foot to a Page 39 23 matches e teeth, and feeding the animal on sloppy feed until recovery takes place. The wound should be dressed once or twice a day with a 3 per cent solution of carbolic acid, forced gently i Page 40 11 matches and apply over the inner and fore part of the joint, covering the surface an inch and a half in every direction from the enlargement, or over an area 3 to 4 inches across. Fasten the Page 41 18 matches st the horn in such position that the cut will be made in the right place and in the right direction. The handles should then be drawn together with a quick, firm, strong pull so that Page 42 7 matches ding or while in the recumbent position. If standing, she should be placed against a wall or a partition and her head held by a strong assistant. The legs also must be secured to prev Page 43 19 matches diagnosis the trained observer will note color, size, shape, and surface structure, transmission of light, movableness, consistence, resistance, pulsation, and crepitation. Percussio Page 44 22 matches readily detachable from the subcutis of the skin. Their internal surfaces are often uneven or supplied with projections or tufted growths which support a fibrous network within the t Page 45 24 matches the swelling may disappear in a few hours, or it may go away in one place and reappear on another part of the body. It is always accompanied with a great desire to rub the affected pa Page 46 12 matches tment._--Remove all crusts by washing with soap and water, then apply acetic acid, sulphur ointment, tincture of iodin or nitrate of mercury ointment once a day. Cleanse the stable an Page 47 28 matches ent. The choroid coat will be recognized as the black layer lying subjacent to the sclerotic. It does not line the cornea, but terminates behind the line of junction of that coat with Page 48 20 matches darkened stable. For the most part the formation of cataract takes place slowly, the cases in which it originates very quickly being but few. _Treatment._--There is only one method Page 49 14 matches it. This condition is chiefly caused by a faulty secretion of the sebaceous glands of the ear. Thoroughly clean the ear with a stiff brush, then anoint it, so far as affected, with v Page 50 21 matches chlorid of lime, in the top of which a deep crater is made for the placement of from 1 to 2 pints of crude acid. The edge of the crater is thereupon pushed into the fluid, when a liv Page 51 17 matches lobe is cut through at right angles to its long diameter, the cut surface presents a variety of interesting changes. In the first place the spaces between the small subdivisions of th Page 52 2 matches lorid of mercury, 1 part to 2,000 of water. After the flooring is replaced the woodwork should be coated with limewash, containing one-fourth pound of chlorid of lime to the gallon of Page 53 7 matches scovered in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The earliest cases were traced to Chelsea, Mass., near the docks, and it was suspected for a time that the infection was brought in with fo Page 54 3 matches it changes to a croupous membrane which peels off, leaving a raw surface, while the thin skin between the toes may also be inflamed. The previous history of the case; the failure of Page 55 13 matches spring of the year, when the melting snows and rains bring to the surface the subterranean waters from rich soils containing nitrogenous materials in which the bacteria have been exis Page 56 3 matches from rabies by the persistence of muscular cramps, especially of the face and abdomen, which cause these muscles to become set and as hard as wood. In tetanus there is also an absence Page 57 8 matches t is composed of several kinds of tissue cells. Soon a change takes place within the tubercle. Disintegration begins, and a soft, cheesy substance is formed in the center, which may c Page 58 3 matches been made months or years before. In 28 cases the injection took place from 19 days to 2 months before the butchering; in 3 of these cases earlier injections had been made. In 38 Page 59 3 matches he application of the ophthalmic test. The ophthalmic tuberculin is placed in one eye and the other eye is used as a check. A reaction is indicated by a characteristic discharge from Page 60 3 matches h, had a temperature of 104∞ F., with the point of inoculation and adjacent glands greatly swollen. The autopsy revealed generalized tuberculosis, involving the lungs, mediastinal gla Page 61 11 matches , no transformation in the real character of the disease ever takes place. _Symptoms._--The disease appears in four to seven days after natural infection, or may evince itself in two Page 62 16 matches n. It is not at all improbable that they may vary considerably from place to place. _Treatment._--Until recently this has been almost entirely surgical. When the tumors are external Page 63 5 matches ary to bury them on the pasture, but it is better to remove them to places not frequented by susceptible animals and to a point where drainage from the graves can not infect any water Page 64 7 matches eet the requirements for the development of the spores, which takes place only in the absence of the atmosphere, it is necessary that the wound be very small and deep enough to penetr Page 65 8 matches silver dollar or even larger. It has the appearance of a corroded surface, under which the mucous membrane or muscular tissue seems transformed into a dry, friable, or firm cheesy mas Page 66 6 matches shady and quiet places. If forced to move about, the hind legs are drawn forward with a peculiar, stiff, dragging movement, and the Page 67 13 matches d in the order Acarina. Its life history is quite simple and easily traced from one generation to another. It is essentially a parasite, attaching itself to the skin (Pl. XLVIII) and Page 68 10 matches to dissolve all the arsenic. In a 5-gallon kettle or metal[9] pail place the 4 pounds of caustic soda, add 1 gallon of cold water, and stir with a stick until the caustic soda is pra Page 69 7 matches nty of clean and cool drinking water and allowed to rest in a quiet place. If the stable or pasture is infested with ticks, the animal should be placed in a tick-free inclosure to pre Page 70 5 matches eed troughs, and the remains of straw stacks are favorable breeding places for the stable fly. Under the most favorable conditions about three weeks are required for development from Page 71 6 matches loth. They should be distributed in a thin, even coating over the surface of the body, taking care that there is no excess quantity at any point. In spraying, any of the dips recomme Page 72 3 matches when drinking from ponds. They may attach themselves to the inner surface of the mouth or nose, and sometimes reach the upper part of the windpipe or of the gullet. Bleeding at the mo Page 73 9 matches he gall ducts, so that a so-called "Medusa's head" forms on the surface of the liver toward the stomach, appears in even well-nourished animals; even in cases of a cirrhosis of Page 74 5 matches the indicated remedies. In such cases complete restoration may take place within one week. In mild outbreaks a large percentage of the animals will recover without treatment, but that Page 75 5 matches 261 Contused or lacerated wounds, description and treatment, 298 Contusion of lips, wounds, and snake bites of mouth Page 76 6 matches ption and treatment, 70 stable, breeding places, 503 Fly preventives, injury to cattle by poisoning, Page 77 2 matches reatment, 517 Manure, breeding place for flies, 511 _Margaropus annulatus_, Texas fever tick, Page 78 5 matches ription and treatment, 513 _Pucinia arundinacea_, _P. coronata_, _P. graminis_, _P. straminis_, effect on cattle, 13 Page 79 3 matches mmation, causes and treatment, 223 lacerations and rupture, description and treatment, 219 polypus affecting, description and treat
diphtheria, description, symptoms, and treatment, 464-469 19960 characters on this page
diphtheria, description, symptoms, and treatment, 464-469 dropsy-- general, cause and treatment, 180 of abdomen, description and treatment, 180 monstrosities, descriptions, causes, and treatment, 182-184 muscles, rigid contraction, cause and treatment, 181 slinking, description, 165 swelling, caused by gas, treatment, 181 tumors affecting, description and treatment, 181 Calves-- congenital imperfections, kinds, 263 indigestion affecting, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34 newborn, acute scouring, description, prevention and treatment, 261 pyemic and septicemic inflammation, symptoms and treatment, 251 young-- aphtha, or thrush, affecting, description and treatment, 233 constipation affecting, cause and treatment, 253 diseases affecting, chapter by James Law, 247-263 rickets affecting, description and treatment, 263 ulcers in mouth, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 464 Calving-- dropping and palsy following, description and treatment, 233 retarded by nervousness, 179 symptoms, 173 Canada, source of foot-and-mouth infection, 386 Cancer, description and treatment, 315 Capsule, eye, description, 342 Capsules, use in administering medicines, 8 Carbolic-acid poisoning, description and treatment, 60 Carbon dioxid, formation in preparing cattle dip, 489 Carbuncle, description, 458 Carcinoma, description and treatment, 315 Caries, teeth, description, 16 Carpus, fracture, description and treatment, 281 Cartilage, ear, necrosis affecting, 357 Caruncula lacrimalis of eye, description, 344 Casein concretions blocking teats, cause and treatment, 343 Casting the withers, cause and treatment, 215 Castration-- dangers and care, 299-301 of female, description of operation, 300 of male, description of operation, 299 Cataract, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 348 Catarrh-- description, symptoms, and treatment, 92, 93 gastrointestinal, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 32, 33 malignant, description, symptoms, and treatment, 469-472 nasal, description, symptoms, and treatment, 92 Catarrhal fever, infectious, description, symptoms, and treatment, 469-472 Cats, ear ticks on, note, 518 Cattle-- animal parasites affecting, chapter by B. H. Ransom, 502-531 dip, preparation and use, 488-494 dose of vaccine against anthrax, 459 drenching, care of lungs, 522 farcy, description and treatment, 501 infected with anthrax, description, 458 infection with sarcoptic mange, 517 infectious diseases, chapter by John R. Mohler, 358-501 infestation with tapeworm, 523 injury by use of petroleum against ticks, 494 loss of blood by inoculations, limits of safety, 500 northern, immunization against Texas fever, manner, 498 parasitic diseases, prevention, 510 plague. _See_ Rinderpest. protection from flies, formulas for mixtures, 502-503 rabies affecting, description, symptoms, etc, 402-406 southern, injury by ticks, 482 tick, _Margaropus annulatus_, as carrier of Texas fever, 480 ticks-- injurious effects of and losses caused by, 481-485 methods of ridding cattle of, 485-494 tumors affecting, chapter by John R. Mohler, 303-319 Cerebral apoplexy, description and treatment, 106 Cerebrospinal division, description, 101 Chapped teats, cause and treatment, 243 Charbon. _See_ Anthrax. Chest, dropsy affecting, description and treatment, 99 Children, infection with foot-and-mouth disease, 394 China, foot-and-mouth disease, 386 Choking, symptoms and treatment, 20 Chorioptic mange, location and treatment, 517 Choroid coat of the eye, description, 342 Chrondroma tumor, description and treatment, 314 Chronic tympanites, cause and treatment, 25 Coal-oil poisoning, description and treatment, 59 _C[oe]nurus cerebralis_ (_Multiceps multiceps_) affecting brain, treatment, 527 Coital exanthema, description, symptoms, and treatment, 401 Cold in the head, description, symptoms, and treatment, 92 Colic, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 31 Concussion of the brain, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 107 Congenital imperfections in calves, kinds, 263 Congestion-- and inflammation of testicles, description and treatment, 152 brain, description and treatment, 106 liver, description, symptoms, and treatment, 45 spinal cord, description, symptoms, and treatment, 110 bladder, description and treatment, 233 Conjunctivitis-- causes, symptoms, and treatment, 344 infectious catarrhal, symptoms, treatment and prevention, 345 Connecticut, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Constipation-- cause and treatment, 36 young calves, cause and treatment, 253 Contagious-- abortion-- causes, 165-172 prevention and treatment, 170 diseases, disinfection of premises, 363 inflammation of the udder, description, prevention, and treatment, 237 mammitis, description, prevention, and treatment, 237 pleuropneumonia-- cause, incubation, and symptoms, 369 definition and history, 366 post-mortem appearance, 373 prevention and treatment, 377 scouring, acute, in newborn calves, description, prevention, and treatment, 261 Contused or lacerated wounds, description and treatment, 298 Contusion of lips, wounds, and snake bites of mouth, symptoms and treatment, 14 Copper poisoning, description and treatment, 56 Cornea-- eye, description, 341 ulcers, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 347 Corneal dermatoma, description and treatment, 349 Corneitis, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 345 Cough, examination, 89 Cow, pregnant, hygiene, 160 Cowpox, description, symptoms, and treatment, 240, 438 Cows, milk, protection from flies, 503 Cramps of hind limbs during pregnancy, cause, 162 Cranium, fracture, description and treatment, 278 Creeps, description, symptoms, and treatment, 267 Cresol-- compound solution, composition and use, 366 use in foot-and-mouth disease, 393 Croupous enteritis, description, symptoms, and treatment, 35 Crude petroleum-- danger to cattle in use against ticks, 494 dip for destroying cattle ticks, 491 Cud, loss, description, 27 Cuts, barbed-wire, description and treatment, 297 Cyanosis, cause, 81, 253 Cysts-- dental, description and treatment, 318 dermoid-- and sebaceous, description and treatment, 330 description and treatment, 318 description, 308 extravasation, description, 317 mucous, description and treatment, 319 parasitic, description, 317 proliferation, description and treatment, 319 serous, description and treatment, 318 Dairy business, injury by foot-and-mouth disease, 384 Dandruff, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 329 Deformities, hoof, causes and treatment, 338 Dehorning, description, 292 Delaware, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Demodectic mange, description and treatment, 517 Denmark, foot-and-mouth disease, 386 Dental cysts, description and treatment, 318 Dermis, description, 320 Dermoid cysts, description and treatment, 318, 330 Diabetes-- insipidus, cause and treatment, 118 mellitus, description, 123 Diarrhea-- and dysentery, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34 calf, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 32 causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment, 254-261 _See also_ Gastrointestinal catarrh. Dickson, William, and William H. Lowe, chapter on "Surgical operations", 289-302 Digestive organs, diseases affecting, chapter by A. J. Murray, 14-50 Dilatation and hypertrophy of heart, description, 82 Diphtheria, calf, description, cause, treatment, etc, 464-469 Dipping-- bath, cattle, temperature, 490 remedy for screw worms, 506 Dips-- arsenical, protection of hands in use, 493 cattle, for ticks, 494-498 mange and scab, 513, 514 Disinfection, house, methods, 363 Dislocation, eyeball, treatment, 353 Dislocations, bones, description and treatment, 282 Diuresis, causes and treatment, 118 Dogs, ear tick, 518 Drainage, usefulness in prevention of fluke diseases, 527 Drenching tube, use in eradicating worms, 522 Dropping, following calving, description and treatment, 233 Dropsy-- abdomen, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 47 abdomen of calf, description and treatment, 180 chest, description and treatment, 99 general, of calf, cause and treatment, 180 hind limbs and between thighs, during pregnancy, cause, 162 membranes of fetus, description and treatment 162 navel, description and treatment, 253 womb, description and treatment, 162 Dysentery-- and diarrhea, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34 chronic bacterial, description, treatment, etc, 498 red, note, 531 _See also_ Gastrointestinal catarrh. Dyspepsia, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 29 Ear tick, spinose, presence in cattle, horses, dogs, etc, 518 Ears-- abscess affecting, treatment, 355 cartilage, necrosis affecting, 357 diseases affecting, chapter by M. R. Trumbower, 355-357 enchondroma, description and treatment, 357 foreign bodies lodging in, symptoms and treatment, 356 frostbite, symptoms and treatment, 357 fungoid growths, cause and treatment, 356 internal inflammation, symptoms and treatment, 355 lacerations, cause and treatment, 357 scurvy, cause and treatment, 356 ticks affecting, treatment, 518 _Echinococcus granulosus_, hydatid, description, 528 Ectropion of the eyelid, description and treatment, 350 Eczema-- description, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 325 epizootic, reference, 383 Edema-- causes, symptoms, and treatment, 330 malignant, description, symptoms, and treatment, 472-474 Elephantiasis, description, 330 Emaciation, symptom of foot-and-mouth disease, 383 Emphysema, description and treatment, 98, 334 Enchondroma, ear, description and treatment, 357 Encysted stomach worm, description and treatment, 523 Endocarditis, description and treatment, 81 Enemata, uses and methods, 9 Enteritis-- causes, symptoms, post-mortem appearance, and treatment, 35 croupous, description, symptoms, and treatment, 35 simple. _See_ Gastroenteritis. Entropion, eyelid, description and treatment, 350 Epidermis, description, 320 Epilepsy, description, cause, and treatment, 107 Epistaxis, cause and treatment, 93 Epizootic aphtha, reference, 383 Ergotism-- and mycotic stomatitis, differentiation, 536 description and treatment, 69 Eruption, vesicular, of genital organs, description, symptoms, and treatment, 401 Erythema, description, causes, and treatment, 323 Eversion-- bladder, description and treatment, 218 eyelid, description and treatment, 350 womb, cause and treatment, 215 Extra-uterine gestation, description and treatment, 163 Extravasation cysts, description, 317 Eye-- and its appendages, diseases affecting, chapter by M. R. Trumbower, 340-354 aqueous humor, description, 341 capsule, description, 342 caruncula, lacrimalis affecting, 344 choroid coat, description, 342 cornea-- description, 341 ulcers affecting, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 347 description, 340 foreign bodies penetrating, treatment, 351 lens, description, 342 muscles, description, 343 parasites affecting, treatment, 349, 531 puncta lacrimalia, description, 344 retina, description, 342 roundworms affecting, treatment, 524 sclerotic membrane, description, 341 vitreous humor, description, 342 Eyeball-- description, 340 dislocation, cause and treatment, 353 hairy tumor affecting, description and treatment, 349 Eyelashes, inversion, treatment, 350 Eyelids-- description, 343 ectropion affecting, description and treatment, 350 entropion, description and treatment, 350 eversion, description and treatment, 350 inversion, description and treatment, 350 laceration, cause and treatment, 351 tumors affecting, description and treatment, 350 Face bones, fracture, description and treatment, 277 Farcy, cattle, description and treatment, 501 _Fasciola hepatica_, description, 526 _Fasciola magna_, description, 526 Fatty degeneration, heart, description, 82 Feed, character, analyses, effect on milk, 256-258 Feeding-- character, effect on digestive organs, 12
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PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK Special Report on Diseases of Cattle United States Bureau of Animal Industryprimary
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