SPECIAL REPORT ON DISEASES OF CATTLE
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48 VII. Diagram of the circulation of the blood 86 VIII. Position of the lung
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and irritation of the digestive tract. The rusts, such as _Puccinia graminis_, _P. straminis_, _P. Coronata_, and _P. arudinacea_, cause colic and diarrhea, and in some cases partial
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ean and the cavity injected once or twice daily with a solution of 1 dram of carbolic acid in 8 ounces of water. Under this treatment the pus may cease and the wound heal without comp
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n to be used in such case is made up as follows: Sulphate of zinc, 1 dram; carbolic acid, 2 drams; glycerin, 2 ounces; water, 14 ounces; mix. It is clear that this operation requires
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of 30 to 60 grains is good. Subnitrate of bismuth in doses of 1 to 2 drams may be given. Pulverized opium may be used, if the diarrhea is severe, in 1 to 2 dram doses. If the bowel mo
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first 24 hours, divided into three doses, and afterwards he gives 6 drams three times daily. Opium in doses of 2 to 3 drams may be given. To bring on evacuations of the bowels it is
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chronic poisoning may result. The poisonous dose for an ox is from 3 drams to 1 ounce. _Symptoms._--The symptoms of acute poisoning first appear as those of colic; the animal is rest
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symptoms have abated, iodid of potassium may be given, in doses of 2 drams each, three times a day for a week. No treatment is likely to be of avail until the cause is removed. COP
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y to be tedious. Tannin may be given internally in doses of one-half dram twice daily for a few days to neutralize the unabsorbed alkaloids of the ergot. At the same time give
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e the branches of a tree), become smaller and smaller, and ultimately ramify into every part of the body. Between the ultimate ramifications of the arteries and the beginning of the v
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y, and rapid, labored breathing. It is caused by non-closure of the foramen ovale, connecting the right with the left side of the heart, and the consequent mixing of the venous with t
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LOOD VESSELS, AND LYMPHATICS. DESCRIPTION OF PLATE. PLATE VII: Diagram illustrating the circulation of the blood. The arrows indicate the direction in which the blood flows. The va
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orrhage is profuse and persistent, either a drench composed of 1-1/2 drams of acetate of lead dissolved in a pint of water or 1-1/2 drams of gallic acid dissolved in a pint of water s
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tive tissue. Nerves divide and subdivide, sending off branches, which ramify in all parts of the body, and, as they near their terminations, they contain but one or two fibers. The b
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e ascertained by pouring a little cold water into the mouth), give 3 drams of stronger liquor ammonia, diluted with a quart of cold water. Be very careful in drenching the animal when
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ition to the wholesome dry food, and, by way of medicine, doses of 2 drams each of sulphate of iron and iodid of potassium may be given twice daily. In obstinate cases 2 drams ergot o
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tincture of chlorid of iron, 2 drams, may be given in a pint of water thrice a day. In some cases 1 or 2 teaspoonfuls of oil of turpentine twice
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After relief has been obtained the administration of belladonna in 2-dram doses daily for several days will tend to prevent a recurrence of the retention. When the body of the bladde
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ge doses of laudanum (2 ounces) or of solid extract of belladonna (2 drams) will not only soothe the pain but relax the spasm and favor the onward passage of the calculus. The animal
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Castile soap, or with a weak solution of sulphate of zinc (one-half dram to a quart of water). If these attentions are impossible, most cases, after cleansing, will do well if merely
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after this the sore may be treated by a daily injection of one-half dram sulphate of zinc, 1 dram carbolic acid, and 1 quart milk-warm water. SIGNS OF PREGNANCY. If a cow remains
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is avoids danger of exposure and yet leaves the whole arm free and untrammeled. Before inserting the hand it and the arm should be smeared with oil, lard, or vaseline, care being take
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ould be washed frequently with an antiseptic lotion (carbolic acid 1 dram in 1 quart of water). CONSTRICTION OF A MEMBER BY THE NAVEL STRING. In early fetal life the winding of the
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the pelvis or in the openings in the bones of its floor (obturator foramina) will give sufficient purchase for extraction. Another method is to insert a knife between the bone of the
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acid, or acetate of lead) may be thrown into the womb, and one-half-dram doses of acetate of lead may be given by the mouth, or 1 ounce powdered ergot of rye may be given in gruel. W
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ree are not without danger. Ergot of rye, 1 ounce, or its extract, 1 dram, may be resorted to to induce contraction of the womb. The mechanical extraction of the membranes is, however
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he teats and milk ducts with a solution of iodid of potassium (1-1/2 drams to 1 quart of water). This reduced the mortality to 17 per cent. Others followed this lead by the injection
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cted part is often fatal. It demands antiseptics (chlorid of zinc, 1 dram to 1 quart water) applied frequently to the part, or, if the case can not be attended, smear the affected qua
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acters. By fencing the spring in and giving the affected cows each 2 drams bisulphite of soda daily, the trouble was arrested promptly and permanently. CHAPPED TEATS. These may be
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ily with tincture of iodin, or an ointment of biniodid of mercury (1 dram) and lard (2 ounces) may be rubbed on the affected joints daily until they are blistered. In case of swelling
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elled in this way, carminatives and demulcent agents may be given--1 dram of anise water, 1 dram nitrate of bismuth, and 1 dram of gum arabic, three times a day. Under such course the
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branches of blood vessels which pass into the bones through holes (foramina) on their surface and are distributed in the soft structure (medulla) of the inside. The structure of the
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mined. If the animal is young, valuable, and of reasonably quiet temperament, and the fracture is not too great in extent, the chances of recovery are fair. On the other hand, if the
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l soon be noticeable. FRACTURES OF THE PELVIS.--The pelvis, or bony framework which gives shape to the posterior part of the body, is liable to fracture in many ways. A common one is
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e operation will better fit him for his work by so modifying his temperament and physical condition that he may easily be controlled by his master. Again, if he is merely to be used f
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of the organism together; bony tumors add nothing to the supporting framework of the body; the tissue of fatty tumors never serves as a storehouse of feed and energy; the cells of an
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o the swelling. Injections of iodin solution, 5 grains of iodin in 1 dram of 25 per cent alcohol, may also be made into the substance of the gland. When the swelling which follows thi
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xposing the exuding dermis, an application of boric-acid solution, 2 drams of the acid to 8 ounces of water, often relieves the smarting or itching, and also serves to check the exuda
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ed much shock, the animal may require internal stimulants, such as 2 drams of carbonate of ammonia every hour until it rallies. When the pain is very great, hypodermic injections of 6
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elieve it from foreign bodies which may fall upon it. It has for its framework a fibro-cartilage, irregular in shape, thick, nearly prismatic at its base, and thin anteriorly where it
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onics may be given in the feed, namely, powdered sulphate of iron, 1 dram; gentian, 2 drams; nux vomica, one-half dram; to be given twice a day. In cases of rheumatism, one-half ounce
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s._--Owing to the complexity of the structure of the lung tissue, its ramifications of bronchial tubes and blood vessels, and its abundant supply of lymphatics, the pathological chang
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ourse of the disease headache, pain in the limbs, vertigo, abdominal cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness are occasionally observed. The disease is seldom fatal, usually appearing
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readily be differentiated from rabies by the persistence of muscular cramps, especially of the face and abdomen, which cause these muscles to become set and as hard as wood. In tetanu
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_a_) is ulcerated and covered with yellowish cheesy particles. The supramammary lymphatic gland (_b_) is greatly enlarged and contains many miliary tubercular foci. * *
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e cure. The iodid of potassium is given in doses of 1-1/2 and 2-1/2 drams once a day, dissolved in water, and administered as a drench. The dose should vary somewhat with the size of
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5µ to 1µ. Hence it is described as polymorphic. It does not stain by Gram, but takes the ordinary anilin dyes, often presenting, especially the longer forms, a beaded appearance. A ch
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mouth make an excellent treatment. The internal administration of 2 grams of salicylic acid and 3 grams of chlorate of potassium three times a day has also proved to be very benefici
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ng the intestines with intestinal antiseptics, such as tannopin in 1 dram doses twice daily, and strengthening the animal by the use of stimulants such as strychnin in half-grain dose
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organisms apparently are in no way injurious. A species of fluke (_Paramphistomum cervi_ or a closely related species) is occasionally found in North American cattle, especially gras
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f fluke disease. Moussu states that the average dose for cattle is 1 gram of the extract for each 10 kilograms of live weight; that is, 10 grams for a young animal weighing 100 kilogr
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milk, protection from flies, 503 Cramps of hind limbs during pregnancy, cause, 162 Cranium, fracture, description and trea
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arts of body, cause, 109 _Paramphistonum cervi_, parasite affecting cattle, 519 Paraplegia, symptoms and treatment,
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, caused by twisted wireworm, treatment, 527 Pregnancy-- cramps of hind limbs during, cause, 162 duration,
diphtheria, description, symptoms, and treatment, 464-469
dropsy--
general, cause and treatment, 180
of abdomen, description and treatment, 180
monstrosities, descriptions, causes, and treatment, 182-184
muscles, rigid contraction, cause and treatment, 181
slinking, description, 165
swelling, caused by gas, treatment, 181
tumors affecting, description and treatment, 181
Calves--
congenital imperfections, kinds, 263
indigestion affecting, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34
newborn, acute scouring, description, prevention and treatment, 261
pyemic and septicemic inflammation, symptoms and treatment, 251
young--
aphtha, or thrush, affecting, description and treatment, 233
constipation affecting, cause and treatment, 253
diseases affecting, chapter by James Law, 247-263
rickets affecting, description and treatment, 263
ulcers in mouth, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 464
Calving--
dropping and palsy following, description and treatment, 233
retarded by nervousness, 179
symptoms, 173
Canada, source of foot-and-mouth infection, 386
Cancer, description and treatment, 315
Capsule, eye, description, 342
Capsules, use in administering medicines, 8
Carbolic-acid poisoning, description and treatment, 60
Carbon dioxid, formation in preparing cattle dip, 489
Carbuncle, description, 458
Carcinoma, description and treatment, 315
Caries, teeth, description, 16
Carpus, fracture, description and treatment, 281
Cartilage, ear, necrosis affecting, 357
Caruncula lacrimalis of eye, description, 344
Casein concretions blocking teats, cause and treatment, 343
Casting the withers, cause and treatment, 215
Castration--
dangers and care, 299-301
of female, description of operation, 300
of male, description of operation, 299
Cataract, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 348
Catarrh--
description, symptoms, and treatment, 92, 93
gastrointestinal, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 32, 33
malignant, description, symptoms, and treatment, 469-472
nasal, description, symptoms, and treatment, 92
Catarrhal fever, infectious, description, symptoms,
and treatment, 469-472
Cats, ear ticks on, note, 518
Cattle--
animal parasites affecting, chapter by B. H. Ransom, 502-531
dip, preparation and use, 488-494
dose of vaccine against anthrax, 459
drenching, care of lungs, 522
farcy, description and treatment, 501
infected with anthrax, description, 458
infection with sarcoptic mange, 517
infectious diseases, chapter by John R. Mohler, 358-501
infestation with tapeworm, 523
injury by use of petroleum against ticks, 494
loss of blood by inoculations, limits of safety, 500
northern, immunization against Texas fever, manner, 498
parasitic diseases, prevention, 510
plague. _See_ Rinderpest.
protection from flies, formulas for mixtures, 502-503
rabies affecting, description, symptoms, etc, 402-406
southern, injury by ticks, 482
tick, _Margaropus annulatus_, as carrier of Texas fever, 480
ticks--
injurious effects of and losses caused by, 481-485
methods of ridding cattle of, 485-494
tumors affecting, chapter by John R. Mohler, 303-319
Cerebral apoplexy, description and treatment, 106
Cerebrospinal division, description, 101
Chapped teats, cause and treatment, 243
Charbon. _See_ Anthrax.
Chest, dropsy affecting, description and treatment, 99
Children, infection with foot-and-mouth disease, 394
China, foot-and-mouth disease, 386
Choking, symptoms and treatment, 20
Chorioptic mange, location and treatment, 517
Choroid coat of the eye, description, 342
Chrondroma tumor, description and treatment, 314
Chronic tympanites, cause and treatment, 25
Coal-oil poisoning, description and treatment, 59
_C[oe]nurus cerebralis_ (_Multiceps multiceps_) affecting brain,
treatment, 527
Coital exanthema, description, symptoms, and treatment, 401
Cold in the head, description, symptoms, and treatment, 92
Colic, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 31
Concussion of the brain, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 107
Congenital imperfections in calves, kinds, 263
Congestion--
and inflammation of testicles, description and treatment, 152
brain, description and treatment, 106
liver, description, symptoms, and treatment, 45
spinal cord, description, symptoms, and treatment, 110
bladder, description and treatment, 233
Conjunctivitis--
causes, symptoms, and treatment, 344
infectious catarrhal, symptoms, treatment and prevention, 345
Connecticut, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
Constipation--
cause and treatment, 36
young calves, cause and treatment, 253
Contagious--
abortion--
causes, 165-172
prevention and treatment, 170
diseases, disinfection of premises, 363
inflammation of the udder, description, prevention,
and treatment, 237
mammitis, description, prevention, and treatment, 237
pleuropneumonia--
cause, incubation, and symptoms, 369
definition and history, 366
post-mortem appearance, 373
prevention and treatment, 377
scouring, acute, in newborn calves, description, prevention, and
treatment, 261
Contused or lacerated wounds, description and treatment, 298
Contusion of lips, wounds, and snake bites of mouth, symptoms and
treatment, 14
Copper poisoning, description and treatment, 56
Cornea--
eye, description, 341
ulcers, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 347
Corneal dermatoma, description and treatment, 349
Corneitis, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 345
Cough, examination, 89
Cow, pregnant, hygiene, 160
Cowpox, description, symptoms, and treatment, 240, 438
Cows, milk, protection from flies, 503
Cramps of hind limbs during pregnancy, cause, 162
Cranium, fracture, description and treatment, 278
Creeps, description, symptoms, and treatment, 267
Cresol--
compound solution, composition and use, 366
use in foot-and-mouth disease, 393
Croupous enteritis, description, symptoms, and treatment, 35
Crude petroleum--
danger to cattle in use against ticks, 494
dip for destroying cattle ticks, 491
Cud, loss, description, 27
Cuts, barbed-wire, description and treatment, 297
Cyanosis, cause, 81, 253
Cysts--
dental, description and treatment, 318
dermoid--
and sebaceous, description and treatment, 330
description and treatment, 318
description, 308
extravasation, description, 317
mucous, description and treatment, 319
parasitic, description, 317
proliferation, description and treatment, 319
serous, description and treatment, 318
Dairy business, injury by foot-and-mouth disease, 384
Dandruff, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 329
Deformities, hoof, causes and treatment, 338
Dehorning, description, 292
Delaware, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
Demodectic mange, description and treatment, 517
Denmark, foot-and-mouth disease, 386
Dental cysts, description and treatment, 318
Dermis, description, 320
Dermoid cysts, description and treatment, 318, 330
Diabetes--
insipidus, cause and treatment, 118
mellitus, description, 123
Diarrhea--
and dysentery, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34
calf, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 32
causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment, 254-261
_See also_ Gastrointestinal catarrh.
Dickson, William, and William H. Lowe, chapter on
"Surgical operations", 289-302
Digestive organs, diseases affecting, chapter by A. J. Murray, 14-50
Dilatation and hypertrophy of heart, description, 82
Diphtheria, calf, description, cause, treatment, etc, 464-469
Dipping--
bath, cattle, temperature, 490
remedy for screw worms, 506
Dips--
arsenical, protection of hands in use, 493
cattle, for ticks, 494-498
mange and scab, 513, 514
Disinfection, house, methods, 363
Dislocation, eyeball, treatment, 353
Dislocations, bones, description and treatment, 282
Diuresis, causes and treatment, 118
Dogs, ear tick, 518
Drainage, usefulness in prevention of fluke diseases, 527
Drenching tube, use in eradicating worms, 522
Dropping, following calving, description and treatment, 233
Dropsy--
abdomen, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 47
abdomen of calf, description and treatment, 180
chest, description and treatment, 99
general, of calf, cause and treatment, 180
hind limbs and between thighs, during pregnancy, cause, 162
membranes of fetus, description and treatment 162
navel, description and treatment, 253
womb, description and treatment, 162
Dysentery--
and diarrhea, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34
chronic bacterial, description, treatment, etc, 498
red, note, 531
_See also_ Gastrointestinal catarrh.
Dyspepsia, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 29
Ear tick, spinose, presence in cattle, horses, dogs, etc, 518
Ears--
abscess affecting, treatment, 355
cartilage, necrosis affecting, 357
diseases affecting, chapter by M. R. Trumbower, 355-357
enchondroma, description and treatment, 357
foreign bodies lodging in, symptoms and treatment, 356
frostbite, symptoms and treatment, 357
fungoid growths, cause and treatment, 356
internal inflammation, symptoms and treatment, 355
lacerations, cause and treatment, 357
scurvy, cause and treatment, 356
ticks affecting, treatment, 518
_Echinococcus granulosus_, hydatid, description, 528
Ectropion of the eyelid, description and treatment, 350
Eczema--
description, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 325
epizootic, reference, 383
Edema--
causes, symptoms, and treatment, 330
malignant, description, symptoms, and treatment, 472-474
Elephantiasis, description, 330
Emaciation, symptom of foot-and-mouth disease, 383
Emphysema, description and treatment, 98, 334
Enchondroma, ear, description and treatment, 357
Encysted stomach worm, description and treatment, 523
Endocarditis, description and treatment, 81
Enemata, uses and methods, 9
Enteritis--
causes, symptoms, post-mortem appearance, and treatment, 35
croupous, description, symptoms, and treatment, 35
simple. _See_ Gastroenteritis.
Entropion, eyelid, description and treatment, 350
Epidermis, description, 320
Epilepsy, description, cause, and treatment, 107
Epistaxis, cause and treatment, 93
Epizootic aphtha, reference, 383
Ergotism--
and mycotic stomatitis, differentiation, 536
description and treatment, 69
Eruption, vesicular, of genital organs, description,
symptoms, and treatment, 401
Erythema, description, causes, and treatment, 323
Eversion--
bladder, description and treatment, 218
eyelid, description and treatment, 350
womb, cause and treatment, 215
Extra-uterine gestation, description and treatment, 163
Extravasation cysts, description, 317
Eye--
and its appendages, diseases affecting,
chapter by M. R. Trumbower, 340-354
aqueous humor, description, 341
capsule, description, 342
caruncula, lacrimalis affecting, 344
choroid coat, description, 342
cornea--
description, 341
ulcers affecting, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 347
description, 340
foreign bodies penetrating, treatment, 351
lens, description, 342
muscles, description, 343
parasites affecting, treatment, 349, 531
puncta lacrimalia, description, 344
retina, description, 342
roundworms affecting, treatment, 524
sclerotic membrane, description, 341
vitreous humor, description, 342
Eyeball--
description, 340
dislocation, cause and treatment, 353
hairy tumor affecting, description and treatment, 349
Eyelashes, inversion, treatment, 350
Eyelids--
description, 343
ectropion affecting, description and treatment, 350
entropion, description and treatment, 350
eversion, description and treatment, 350
inversion, description and treatment, 350
laceration, cause and treatment, 351
tumors affecting, description and treatment, 350
Face bones, fracture, description and treatment, 277
Farcy, cattle, description and treatment, 501
_Fasciola hepatica_, description, 526
_Fasciola magna_, description, 526
Fatty degeneration, heart, description, 82
Feed, character, analyses, effect on milk, 256-258
Feeding--
character, effect on digestive organs, 12
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