SPECIAL REPORT ON DISEASES OF CATTLE
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48 VII. Diagram of the circulation of the blood 86 VIII. Position of the lung
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and irritation of the digestive tract. The rusts, such as _Puccinia graminis_, _P. straminis_, _P. Coronata_, and _P. arudinacea_, cause colic and diarrhea, and in some cases partial
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ean and the cavity injected once or twice daily with a solution of 1 dram of carbolic acid in 8 ounces of water. Under this treatment the pus may cease and the wound heal without comp
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n to be used in such case is made up as follows: Sulphate of zinc, 1 dram; carbolic acid, 2 drams; glycerin, 2 ounces; water, 14 ounces; mix. It is clear that this operation requires
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of 30 to 60 grains is good. Subnitrate of bismuth in doses of 1 to 2 drams may be given. Pulverized opium may be used, if the diarrhea is severe, in 1 to 2 dram doses. If the bowel mo
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first 24 hours, divided into three doses, and afterwards he gives 6 drams three times daily. Opium in doses of 2 to 3 drams may be given. To bring on evacuations of the bowels it is
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chronic poisoning may result. The poisonous dose for an ox is from 3 drams to 1 ounce. _Symptoms._--The symptoms of acute poisoning first appear as those of colic; the animal is rest
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symptoms have abated, iodid of potassium may be given, in doses of 2 drams each, three times a day for a week. No treatment is likely to be of avail until the cause is removed. COP
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y to be tedious. Tannin may be given internally in doses of one-half dram twice daily for a few days to neutralize the unabsorbed alkaloids of the ergot. At the same time give
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e the branches of a tree), become smaller and smaller, and ultimately ramify into every part of the body. Between the ultimate ramifications of the arteries and the beginning of the v
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y, and rapid, labored breathing. It is caused by non-closure of the foramen ovale, connecting the right with the left side of the heart, and the consequent mixing of the venous with t
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LOOD VESSELS, AND LYMPHATICS. DESCRIPTION OF PLATE. PLATE VII: Diagram illustrating the circulation of the blood. The arrows indicate the direction in which the blood flows. The va
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orrhage is profuse and persistent, either a drench composed of 1-1/2 drams of acetate of lead dissolved in a pint of water or 1-1/2 drams of gallic acid dissolved in a pint of water s
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tive tissue. Nerves divide and subdivide, sending off branches, which ramify in all parts of the body, and, as they near their terminations, they contain but one or two fibers. The b
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e ascertained by pouring a little cold water into the mouth), give 3 drams of stronger liquor ammonia, diluted with a quart of cold water. Be very careful in drenching the animal when
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ition to the wholesome dry food, and, by way of medicine, doses of 2 drams each of sulphate of iron and iodid of potassium may be given twice daily. In obstinate cases 2 drams ergot o
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tincture of chlorid of iron, 2 drams, may be given in a pint of water thrice a day. In some cases 1 or 2 teaspoonfuls of oil of turpentine twice
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After relief has been obtained the administration of belladonna in 2-dram doses daily for several days will tend to prevent a recurrence of the retention. When the body of the bladde
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ge doses of laudanum (2 ounces) or of solid extract of belladonna (2 drams) will not only soothe the pain but relax the spasm and favor the onward passage of the calculus. The animal
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Castile soap, or with a weak solution of sulphate of zinc (one-half dram to a quart of water). If these attentions are impossible, most cases, after cleansing, will do well if merely
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after this the sore may be treated by a daily injection of one-half dram sulphate of zinc, 1 dram carbolic acid, and 1 quart milk-warm water. SIGNS OF PREGNANCY. If a cow remains
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is avoids danger of exposure and yet leaves the whole arm free and untrammeled. Before inserting the hand it and the arm should be smeared with oil, lard, or vaseline, care being take
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ould be washed frequently with an antiseptic lotion (carbolic acid 1 dram in 1 quart of water). CONSTRICTION OF A MEMBER BY THE NAVEL STRING. In early fetal life the winding of the
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the pelvis or in the openings in the bones of its floor (obturator foramina) will give sufficient purchase for extraction. Another method is to insert a knife between the bone of the
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acid, or acetate of lead) may be thrown into the womb, and one-half-dram doses of acetate of lead may be given by the mouth, or 1 ounce powdered ergot of rye may be given in gruel. W
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ree are not without danger. Ergot of rye, 1 ounce, or its extract, 1 dram, may be resorted to to induce contraction of the womb. The mechanical extraction of the membranes is, however
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he teats and milk ducts with a solution of iodid of potassium (1-1/2 drams to 1 quart of water). This reduced the mortality to 17 per cent. Others followed this lead by the injection
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cted part is often fatal. It demands antiseptics (chlorid of zinc, 1 dram to 1 quart water) applied frequently to the part, or, if the case can not be attended, smear the affected qua
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acters. By fencing the spring in and giving the affected cows each 2 drams bisulphite of soda daily, the trouble was arrested promptly and permanently. CHAPPED TEATS. These may be
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ily with tincture of iodin, or an ointment of biniodid of mercury (1 dram) and lard (2 ounces) may be rubbed on the affected joints daily until they are blistered. In case of swelling
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elled in this way, carminatives and demulcent agents may be given--1 dram of anise water, 1 dram nitrate of bismuth, and 1 dram of gum arabic, three times a day. Under such course the
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branches of blood vessels which pass into the bones through holes (foramina) on their surface and are distributed in the soft structure (medulla) of the inside. The structure of the
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mined. If the animal is young, valuable, and of reasonably quiet temperament, and the fracture is not too great in extent, the chances of recovery are fair. On the other hand, if the
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l soon be noticeable. FRACTURES OF THE PELVIS.--The pelvis, or bony framework which gives shape to the posterior part of the body, is liable to fracture in many ways. A common one is
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e operation will better fit him for his work by so modifying his temperament and physical condition that he may easily be controlled by his master. Again, if he is merely to be used f
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of the organism together; bony tumors add nothing to the supporting framework of the body; the tissue of fatty tumors never serves as a storehouse of feed and energy; the cells of an
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o the swelling. Injections of iodin solution, 5 grains of iodin in 1 dram of 25 per cent alcohol, may also be made into the substance of the gland. When the swelling which follows thi
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xposing the exuding dermis, an application of boric-acid solution, 2 drams of the acid to 8 ounces of water, often relieves the smarting or itching, and also serves to check the exuda
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ed much shock, the animal may require internal stimulants, such as 2 drams of carbonate of ammonia every hour until it rallies. When the pain is very great, hypodermic injections of 6
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elieve it from foreign bodies which may fall upon it. It has for its framework a fibro-cartilage, irregular in shape, thick, nearly prismatic at its base, and thin anteriorly where it
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onics may be given in the feed, namely, powdered sulphate of iron, 1 dram; gentian, 2 drams; nux vomica, one-half dram; to be given twice a day. In cases of rheumatism, one-half ounce
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s._--Owing to the complexity of the structure of the lung tissue, its ramifications of bronchial tubes and blood vessels, and its abundant supply of lymphatics, the pathological chang
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ourse of the disease headache, pain in the limbs, vertigo, abdominal cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness are occasionally observed. The disease is seldom fatal, usually appearing
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readily be differentiated from rabies by the persistence of muscular cramps, especially of the face and abdomen, which cause these muscles to become set and as hard as wood. In tetanu
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_a_) is ulcerated and covered with yellowish cheesy particles. The supramammary lymphatic gland (_b_) is greatly enlarged and contains many miliary tubercular foci. * *
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e cure. The iodid of potassium is given in doses of 1-1/2 and 2-1/2 drams once a day, dissolved in water, and administered as a drench. The dose should vary somewhat with the size of
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5µ to 1µ. Hence it is described as polymorphic. It does not stain by Gram, but takes the ordinary anilin dyes, often presenting, especially the longer forms, a beaded appearance. A ch
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mouth make an excellent treatment. The internal administration of 2 grams of salicylic acid and 3 grams of chlorate of potassium three times a day has also proved to be very benefici
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ng the intestines with intestinal antiseptics, such as tannopin in 1 dram doses twice daily, and strengthening the animal by the use of stimulants such as strychnin in half-grain dose
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organisms apparently are in no way injurious. A species of fluke (_Paramphistomum cervi_ or a closely related species) is occasionally found in North American cattle, especially gras
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f fluke disease. Moussu states that the average dose for cattle is 1 gram of the extract for each 10 kilograms of live weight; that is, 10 grams for a young animal weighing 100 kilogr
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milk, protection from flies, 503 Cramps of hind limbs during pregnancy, cause, 162 Cranium, fracture, description and trea
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arts of body, cause, 109 _Paramphistonum cervi_, parasite affecting cattle, 519 Paraplegia, symptoms and treatment,
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, caused by twisted wireworm, treatment, 527 Pregnancy-- cramps of hind limbs during, cause, 162 duration,
chapter on "Diseases of the generative organs", 147-214
chapter on "Diseases of the urinary organs", 113-146
chapter on "Diseases of young calves", 247-263
observation of foot-and-mouth disease in man, 395
Lead poisoning, description, symptoms, and treatment, 55
Leeches in cattle, description and treatment, 519
Lens of the eye, description, 342
Leucorrhea, symptoms and treatment, 224
Lice--
blue (_HÊmatopinus eurysternus_ and _H. vituli_),
description and treatment, 512
red, description and treatment, 513
Lightning stroke, symptoms and treatment, 111
Limbs, fracture of bones, description, 281
Lime, use in fluke control, 534
Lipoma tumor, description and treatment, 314
Lips, contusions, wounds, and snake bites, symptoms and treatment, 14
Livestock, immunization against anthrax, 457-458
Liver--
congestion, description, symptoms, and treatment, 44
diseases affecting, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 44-45
flukes, description and treatment, 526
inflammation affecting, symptoms and treatment, 45
Lockjaw--
danger in castration of cattle, 300
reference, 300
Loco weed poisoning, description and treatment, 67
Loeffler, note on description of foot-and-mouth infection, 395
Louse, red (_Trichodectes scalaris_), description and treatment, 513
Lowe, William H.--
and William Dickson, chapter on "Surgical operations", 289-302
chapter on "Noncontagious diseases of organs of respiration", 87-100
Lump, or lumpy jaw. _See_ Actinomycosis.
Lung--
abscess, description, 99
tissue, parasites affecting, 526
Lungs--
actinomycosis affecting, 443
bleeding from, description and treatment, 99
bronchial tubes, parasites affecting, description and
treatment, 530
parasites affecting, note, 526
worms of cattle, description and treatment, 530
Luxations of bones, description and treatment, 282
Lymphatics--
description, 75
heart, and blood vessels, diseases, chapter by
W. H. Harbaugh, 73-86
Malignant--
catarrh, description, symptoms, and treatment, 469-472
edema, description, symptoms, and treatment, 472-474
pustule, description, 458
tumors, description, 306
Mammitis--
contagious, description, prevention, and treatment, 237
simple, description, symptoms, and treatment, 234
Man--
relation to beef measles in cattle, 529
symptoms of foot-and-mouth disease, 394
treatment with anthrax serum, 459
Mange--
common, description and treatment, 513
itch, scab, mites, description and treatment, 513
psoroptic, description and treatment, 513
sarcoptic, cause and treatment, 517
Manure, breeding place for flies, 511
_Margaropus annulatus_, Texas fever tick, 480
Maryland, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
Massachusetts, foot-and-mouth disease, 387, 388
Measles, beef, discussion and management, 529
Measly beef, description and prevention, 529
Medicines, methods of administration, chapter by
Leonard Pearson, 7-11
Membrana nictitans of eye, description, 343
Meninges, number and functions, 103
Mercury poisoning, symptoms and treatment, 57
Metacarpus, fracture, description and treatment, 282
Metatarsus, fracture, description, treatment, 282
Metritis, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 224
Metroperitonitis, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 224
Michigan, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
_Micrococcus prodigiosus_, cause of bloody milk, 242
Microorganisms, transmission, 361
Milk--
absence, cause and treatment, 241
bloody and blue, cause and treatment, 239, 240, 241-242
diminution, symptom of foot-and-mouth disease, 383
duct--
closure and thickening of mucous membrane,
cause and treatment, 244
closure by membrane, description and treatment, 245
effect of different feeds, analyses, 256-258
fever, description, symptoms, and treatment, 226-237
fistula, description and treatment, 245
pasteurization as guard against foot-and-mouth infection, 395
source of foot-and-mouth disease infection, 394
stringy, cause and treatment, 242
Mineral--
acid poisoning, description and treatment, 58
poisons, description and kinds, 54
Minnesota, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
Misplacement, heart, description, 83
Mites--
description, 511
mange, itch, scab, description and treatment, 513
Mohler, John R.--
chapter on "Infectious diseases of cattle", 358-511
chapter on "Mycotic stomatitis of cattle", 539-544
chapter on "Tumors affecting cattle", 303-320
Monstrosities, calf, descriptions, causes, and treatment, 182-184
Montana, foot-and-mouth disease, 384
Moor-ill, description, symptoms, and treatment, 119
Morphia, poisoning, description and treatment, 61
Mouth--
diseases affecting, symptoms and treatment, 14-17
inflammation of the mucous membrane, cause,
symptoms, and treatment, 17
sore, characteristic differences from foot-and-mouth disease, 391-392
ulcers affecting, in young calves. _See_ Necrotic stomatitis.
Mucopurulent discharge from passages, symptoms and treatment, 224
Mucous cysts, description and treatment, 319
Mucous membrane--
of mouth, inflammation, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 17
thickening and closure of milk duct, cause and treatment, 244
_Multiceps multiceps_ (bladderworm), parasite of brain, 527
Murray, A. J., chapter on "Diseases of digestive organs", 12-50
Muscles--
calf, rigid contraction, cause, and treatment, 181
eye, description, 343
intercostal, rheumatism affecting, description and treatment, 100
Mycotic stomatitis--
cattle, chapter by John R. Mohler, 539-542
character, cause, symptoms, lesions, etc., 540
characteristic differences from foot-and-mouth disease, 391-392
differential diagnosis and treatment, 542
prevalence, 539
synonyms, 539
Myocarditis, description, symptoms, and treatment, 81
Myoma tumor, description and treatment, 309
Myxoma tumor, description and treatment, 314
Nagana, description, symptoms, and treatment, 510
Nasal catarrh, description, symptoms, and treatment, 92
Navel--
abscess affecting, causes and treatment, 99
bleeding, cause, and treatment, 248
breach, symptoms, and treatment, 252
dropsy, description and treatment, 253
string, constricting member of fetus, description, 179
urine discharged through, description and treatment, 248
urine duct, inflammation, cause, and treatment, 248
veins, inflammation, description, causes, and treatment, 249
Necrosis--
and diseases of cartilage of the ear, cause and treatment, 357
bony orbit, cause and treatment, 352
Necrotic stomatitis--
characteristic differences from foot-and-mouth disease, 391
description, symptoms, and treatment, 464-469
differentiation from foot-and-mouth disease, 391
Neoformation and neoplasm. _See_ Tumors.
Nephritis, description, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 123
Nerves, description, 101-103
Nervous system, diseases, chapter by W. H. Harbaugh, 101-112
Nervousness, cause of retarding calving, 179
Netherlands, foot-and-mouth disease, 386
Nettle rash, description, causes, and treatment, 324
Neurofibroma tumor, description and treatment, 310
New Hampshire, foot-and-mouth disease, 387-388
New Jersey, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
New York, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
Nicotin dip, directions for making, 516
Nodular disease of intestines due to hookworms, note, 525
Noncontagious--
abortion--
causes, 165
treatment, 167
diseases of organs of respiration, chapter by William H. Lowe, 87-100
foot-and-mouth disease, reference, 532
Norway, foot-and-mouth disease, 386
Nose bleeding, cause and treatment, 93
Nymphomania in female, cause and treatment, 148
Obstruction--
arteries, description and treatment, 85
bowels, resulting from invagination, causes, symptoms, etc, 35
parturition by full bladder or rectum, 178
parturition by masses of fat, cause, 178
_[OE]sophagostomum radiatum_, parasite causing nodular disease,
treatment, 525
Ohio, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
_Oidirum albicans_, parasite causing aphtha, or thrush, 263
Operations--
asepsis, importance of, 289
surgical--
chapter by William Dickson, William H. Lowe, 289-302
manner of securing the animals, 289
uses of anesthesia, 289
Ophthalmia--
simple, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 344
specific, symptoms, treatment, and prevention, 345
Opium poisoning, description and treatment, 61
Orbit--
bony, necrosis affecting, cause and treatment, 352
fracture, cause and treatment, 352
tumors, cause and treatment, 353
Orbital--
and periorbital abscess, symptoms and treatment, 352
cavity of the eye, description, 342
Orchitis, description and treatment, 152
_Ornithodoros megnini_, ear tick of cattle, 518
Osteitis, description and treatment, 265
Osteoma, description and treatment, 314
Osteomalacia, description, symptoms, and treatment, 267
Osteomyelitis, description and treatment, 266
_Ostertagia ostertagi_, encysted stomach worm of cattle, 523
Otitis, symptoms and treatment, 355
_Otobius magnini_, ear tick, 518
Ovariotomy, description of the operation, 301
Ovum, inclosed, description and treatment, 181
Ox warbles and grubs, treatment, 507
Pains, labor, before relaxation of passages, 175
Palpitation of heart, description, 76
Palsy--
following calving, description and treatment, 233
of neck of bladder, cause and treatment, 130
Papillary growths and warts on the penis, treatment, 156
Papilloma, description and treatment, 312
Paralysis--
bladder, causes and treatment, 130
description, 109
hind parts during pregnancy, cause and treatment, 163
rear parts of body, cause, 109
_Paramphistonum cervi_, parasite affecting cattle, 519
Paraplegia, symptoms and treatment, 110
Parasites--
animal, of cattle, chapter by B. H. Ransom, 502-531
blood, kinds, 530
bronchial tubes, description and treatment, 530
ear, kinds and treatment, 518
eye, kinds and treatment, 531
intestinal tract, kinds and treatment, 523
kidney, discussion, 125
lung, kinds, 530
stomach, kinds and treatment, 519
Parasitic--
cysts, description, 317
diseases of the skin, description and treatment, 332
Parotid gland, inflammation, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 18
Parotitis, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 18
Parturient--
apoplexy, description, symptoms, and treatment, 226
collapse, description, symptoms, and treatment, 226
fever, description, symptoms, and treatment, 226
Parturition--
difficult, suggestions for assisting, 74
diseases following, chapter by James Law, 214-245
obstacles, causes, 174
Pasteurization, value in check of foot-and-mouth infection, 395
Pastures, how to free from ticks, 490
Paunch, distention with food, description and treatment, 26
Pearson, Leonard, chapter on "Administration of medicines", 7-11
Pelvis--
fracture, description and treatment, 279
narrow, fracture, cause of difficult parturition, 178
Pemphigus, symptoms and treatment, 328
Penis--
inflammation from bruising, prevention and treatment, 155
ulcers affecting, cause and treatment, 157
warts and papillary growths, treatment, 156
wounds, cause and treatment, 156
Pennsylvania, foot-and-mouth disease, 388
Percussion method of examination, 92
Pericarditis, symptoms and treatment, 79
Periorbital and orbital abscess, symptoms and treatment, 352
Periostitis, aseptic, purulent, and fibrous,
description and treatment, 265
Peritoneal hernia, description, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 41
Peritoneum, diseases affecting, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 45-47
Peritonitis--
causes, symptoms, and treatment, 45, 46
danger in castration of cattle, 300
Permanganate, use in production of formaldehyde gas, 365
Persistent urachus, description and treatment, 248
Pharyngeal polypi, description and treatment, 19
Pharyngitis, symptoms, causes, and treatment, 17
Pharynx--
diseases, description, symptoms, and treatment, 19-22
tumors affecting, description and treatment, 19
Philippine Islands, foot-and-mouth disease, 386
Phlebitis--
description and treatment, 86
umbilical, description, symptoms, and treatment, 249
Phosphorus poisoning, symptoms and treatment, 57
Pica, description, causes, and treatment, 28
Pink eye. _See_ Ophthalmia.
_Piroplasma bigeminum_, _protozoan_ causing Texas fever, 530
Pityriasis, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 329
Plants, poisonous, description of poisoning, 63-69
Pleurisy, description, symptoms, and treatment, 95
Pleurodynia, description and treatment, 100
Pleuropneumonia--
cause, incubation, and symptoms, 369
definition and history, 366
post-mortem appearance, 373
prevention and treatment, 377
Pneumonia, description, symptoms, and treatment, 96
Pneumothorax, description and treatment, 99
Poison, definition, 51
Poisoning--
acid, description and treatment, 58
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