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SPECIAL REPORT ON DISEASES OF CATTLE TEXT

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Page 1 7 matches 416 XXXVIII. Tuberculosis of cow's udder 416 XXXIX. Actinomycosis Page 2 6 matches ng, as well as in regurgitation for rumination or the chewing of the cud. The action of the first three stomachs is merely preparatory to digestion. Thus it would seem that as a resu Page 3 2 matches of the surface, it is found to fluctuate or "give," then we may conclude that there is a collection of pus at that place. It is well not to open the abscess until the fluctuation is Page 4 9 matches those who are competent. IMAGINARY DISEASES (HOLLOW HORN; LOSS OF CUD; WOLF IN THE TAIL). It would appear quite in place here, in connection with the diseases of the stomach and Page 5 4 matches stic, are pain when getting up or lying down; grunting and pain upon sudden motion, especially downhill; coughing; pain on pressure over the second stomach, which lies immediately ab Page 6 5 matches carefully laid open in the long direction, the adhesions of the protruding organs carefully separated from the umbilicus, and after the protruding parts have been returned into the Page 7 5 matches horoughly chewed, and this constitutes what is known as "chewing the cud." From the second stomach the food passes into the third, and from the third into the fourth, or true, stomac Page 8 5 matches Acetic acid is irritant to the gastrointestinal tract, and may cause sudden paralysis of the heart. _Treatment._--The action of the acid should be counteracted by the use of alkalie Page 9 4 matches lysis and the animal dies in convulsions. LAUREL. The laurels, including the broad-leafed laurel, _Kalmia latifolia_, the narrow-leafed laurel, _Kalmia angustifolia_, the rhododen Page 10 3 matches d is particularly noticeable while they are ruminating--"chewing the cud." It is not always associated with disease, but may be a symptom of some disease of the heart; in such cases Page 11 16 matches s disinclined to move actively, the step is restricted and cautious, sudden motion causes grunting, the attitude is constrained, the feet are drawn somewhat together, the back is arc Page 12 9 matches e of most of the diseases under consideration in this chapter. _Attitude and general condition._--The feeling of pain in animals suffering from serious affections of the organs of r Page 13 6 matches the majority of cases it is attributable to some form of exposure, a sudden change from warm to cold surroundings, or exposure to cold storms. It may also result from inhaling irrita Page 14 8 matches upplied by the cut nerve is paralyzed. The nervous system is often studied in two divisions--the cerebrospinal division and the sympathetic division. The cerebrospinal division con Page 15 6 matches s, but there is paralysis in all parts posterior to the fracture, including the fore and hind legs. When the fracture is in the region of the loins the hind legs are paralyzed, but t Page 16 3 matches nt passage of urine in driblets, its continuous escape in drops, the sudden arrest of the flow when in full stream, the rhythmic contraction of the muscles under the anus without any Page 17 8 matches ed and inflamed kidneys it is present as a part of the inflammatory exudate. Apart from these, albumin in the urine represents in different cases a variety of diseased conditions of Page 18 1 match r, by the presentation of a female, the animal can be tempted to protrude the penis, so that it can be seized and extended, or when it can be manipulated forward out of the sheath, i Page 19 2 matches cting stone, may slowly push it on into the bladder. Large doses of laudanum (2 ounces) or of solid extract of belladonna (2 drams) will not only soothe the pain but relax the spasm Page 20 6 matches nclosing the tip of a conical mass of tissue from which the urine excludes. Fig. 2. Genital and urinary organs of the bull. (From Leisering, Mueller, and Ellenberger, Handbuch des V Page 21 8 matches has a very small external opening, the mucous membrane of which is studded with sebaceous glands secreting a thick, unctuous matter of a strong, heavy odor. Behind this orifice is a Page 22 9 matches ack toward the root of the tail. In the early stages of pregnancy the udder develops slowly, and toward its completion quite rapidly. For a long time there is merely a sense of great Page 23 9 matches ult from poor or insufficient feed, from the excessive drain upon the udder while bearing the calf, from the use of feed deficient in certain essential elements, like the nitrogenous Page 24 10 matches med condition of the membranes of the vagina results in a catarrhal exudate, and this discharge, which soils the external genitals and the tail, and the uneasiness and sometimes the Page 25 8 matches was thoroughly closed in and the cow secluded from the constant stream of visitors and the incessant noise, when at once the pains became strong and effe Page 26 6 matches passages. _Head and fore feet presented--Back turned down toward the udder._--This position (Pl. XVI, fig. 6) is unnatural, and the parturition is difficult for two reasons: First, Page 27 3 matches for success, but if the calf is placed with its back down toward the udder, and if the head is bent down under the brim of the pelvis, the best position for the cow is on her back, Page 28 8 matches ised a presentation with the back of the fetus turned down toward the udder, and the anterior extremities one with the back turned up toward the spine, the latter should be selected. Page 29 3 matches w is to be sacrificed a blow on the head with an ax will produce quietude. Then the prompt cutting into the abdomen and womb and the extraction of the calf requires no skill. If, how Page 30 14 matches of the lips of the vulva, a weak, rapid pulse, violent and perhaps loud beating of the heart (palpitations), sunken, staring eyes, coldness of the skin, ears, horns, and limbs, pers Page 31 6 matches connections with the womb are severed and the remainder is expelled suddenly en masse. It is quite evident that neglected cases with putrid membranes are poor subjects for this meth Page 32 35 matches examples of udder poisons are found in the first milk (colostrum), which is distinctly irritant and purgative, and in the to Page 33 21 matches f the disease gangrene may ensue, a quarter or half or even the whole udder, losing its vitality, and sloughing off if the cow can bear up against the depressing influence. These gan Page 34 7 matches anything which irritates them. The powerful sucking of the calf; the sudden chilling of the teat in winter after the calf has just let it go or after the completion of milking with a Page 35 3 matches in as a swelling after the bowel has been returned; and when the protruding bowel has contracted permanent adhesion to the sac, it is impossible to return it fully without first seve Page 36 4 matches reen all act in this way. The same may come from disease in the cow's udder, or any general disease of the cow with attendant fever, and in all such cases the tendency is to rapid ch Page 37 9 matches D.] Some knowledge of the skeleton is advisable to facilitate the study of diseases of bones and the accidental injuries to which they are exposed. The skeleton of the adult ox is Page 38 7 matches is one in which the bone is severed in two parts, transversely, longitudinally, or obliquely, without serious injury to the adjoining structures. COMPOUND FRACTURES.--Compound fract Page 39 1 match oken down and the bones are united (anchylosis). This process may include any or all of the three lower joints of the hock. The joint of motion which is situated on the lower end of Page 40 7 matches t unknown. _Symptoms of articular rheumatism._--The symptoms appear suddenly and with varying degrees of severity. The animal presents a downcast appearance, with staring coat, horn Page 41 5 matches far as possible to make the trachea tense and prominent; make a longitudinal incision about 2 to 2-1/2 inches long through the skin and deeper tissues and trachea at the most promine Page 42 6 matches arly exercised or be allowed freedom so that it can exercise itself. Sudden changes of the temperature are dangerous. The animal should be fed moderately, but of a diet easily digest Page 43 4 matches considerable rotary motion or twisting is possible. Their color is cloudy gray or grayish red, with white bands of connective tissue radiating from the center. Their consistence vari Page 44 10 matches ts in the early and complete removal of the tumor, taking care to include a wide border of healthy tissue. This has been most successful in such superficial cancers as those of the e Page 45 10 matches ns of the legs become irritated and chapped when cattle are fed in a muddy or wet yard in winter, or if they are compelled to wade through water in frosty weather. Another form of er Page 46 5 matches the formation of circular patches on the skin, which soon becomes denuded of hair. The cuticular layer of the skin in slightly inflamed, and vesication with exudation occurs, follow Page 47 5 matches sclerotic, or white of the eye, is bloodshot and the cornea may be cloudy. If the disease advances, keratitis results, with its train of unfavorable symptoms. _Treatment._--Careful Page 48 5 matches a long time, but will eventually induce keratitis with inflammatory exudations. _Treatment._--The cornea may be punctured at its upper and outer margin, and the worm squeezed out wi Page 49 6 matches hiefly responsible for the morbid changes. This definition might include diseases caused by certain animal parasites, such as trichinÊ, for example, which multiply in the digestive Page 50 8 matches ected by means of chlorin gas liberated from the chlorid of lime by crude carbolic acid. This is accomplished by making a cone of 5 or 6 pounds of chlorid of lime, in the top of whic Page 51 6 matches acute one, as is frequently seen in hot weather, the symptoms appear suddenly; the breathing becomes rapid and difficult, the animal grunts or moans with each expiration, the shoulde Page 52 3 matches he same time similar changes may go on in the skin of the thighs, the udder, or the scrotum, or about the vagina, which lead to small sloughs. In severe cases, which are the most co Page 53 8 matches loss in flesh and a lessening or cessation of the milk secretion. The udders often become inflamed and ruined by the formation of abscesses, and cows affected in this way are sometim Page 54 7 matches that in the latter there is a rapid infection of the entire herd, including the adult cattle, as well as the infection of hogs and sheep. The characteristic lesion of foot-and-mouth Page 55 7 matches pressure. This tumefaction consists essentially of a cerogelatinous exudate into the subcutaneous and intermuscular tissues. Bloody extravasations may take place in subcutaneous tis Page 56 2 matches 68 cows, 69, or 41 per cent, being tuberculous, and 2 having diseased udders. The result of testing the Queen's herd at Windsor was that 36 out of 40, or 90 per cent, were found tub Page 57 8 matches under the jaw, and along the neck. Of late tubercular disease of the udder in cows (Pl. XXXVIII) has received considerable attention from sanitarians, owing to the infection of the Page 58 8 matches of the cases tested. The relatively few failures in diagnoses are included among two classes of cattle. The first class contains those that are tuberculous, but which do not react ei Page 59 15 matches unanimity of opinion on the part of all who are best calculated to judge that such an injurious effect does not occur. Even those who have been most pronounced in the claim tha Page 60 12 matches xperimented with such virus. It was the experiments and comparative studies of Theobald Smith, however, which attracted special attention to the difference in virulence shown by tube Page 61 6 matches ppearance of reddened, inflamed areas, principally upon the teats and udder, and at times on the abdominal skin or the skin of the inner surface of the thighs. In a few cases the ski Page 62 5 matches t occurring in bovine affections. It is therefore of interest to conclude this article with a brief discussion of the disease in man and its relation to actinomycosis in cattle. In Page 63 3 matches called anthrax peracutus or apoplectiform, when the animal dies very suddenly as if from apoplexy. Such cases usually occur in the beginning of an outbreak. The animal, without havin Page 64 8 matches es will hardly hold, as it is found in all kinds of soil, in all altitudes, at all seasons of the year, and under various climatic conditions. It occurs in this country from the Atla Page 65 9 matches etimes the mouth is kept open, permitting the tumefied tongue to protrude. One or more of the above symptoms direct the attention to the mouth as the seat of disease; or, having noti Page 66 4 matches a uniform brownish tint, dissociated by gas and with a blood-tinged exudate. This gangrenous tissue, when present before death, can be removed without pain to the animal. The intesti Page 67 8 matches thropoda and to the genus _Margaropus_ (or _Boophilus_), which is included in the order Acarina. Its life history is quite simple and easily traced from one generation to another. It Page 68 5 matches clear solution, except for dirt. If the liquid persistently remains muddy or milky, it may be because the operation has been conducted so fast that much water has been boiled out an Page 69 9 matches ed territory has in every instance been found a certain method of excluding Texas fever. The regulations governing the movement of cattle from below the quarantine line are made year Page 70 13 matches laundry soap 1 pound. Water 4 gallons. Crude petroleum 1 gallon. Powdered naphthalin 4 ounces. Cut the soap into thin shavings and disso Page 71 10 matches equal parts; (2) kerosene, 1/2 pint, mixed with lard, 1 pound; (3) crude petroleum; (4) any of the dips recommended for use in dipping, and diluted in the same proportions as for di Page 72 1 match d scattered their droppings. The worms in the stomach produce a multitude of eggs (fig. 14_c_) of microscopic size, which pass out of the body in the feces. In warm weather these egg Page 73 5 matches as they are rather common among sheep in the Northwest. As already alluded to, these worms are the intermediate stage of a tapeworm found in dogs, and their life history and the mean Page 74 4 matches earance of vesicles containing serous fluid in the mouth and upon the udder, teats, heels, and coronary bands of the affected animals. Drooling is profuse, and there is a peculiar sm Page 75 3 matches f premises, 363 inflammation of the udder, description, prevention, and treatment, 237 ma Page 76 2 matches , causes, symptoms, and treatment, 103 contagious, of the udder, description, prevention, and treatment, 237 ea Page 78 2 matches , causes and treatment, 322 Pseudoplasm. _See_ Tumors. Psoroptic mange, description and treatment, 513 _Pucinia a Page 79 1 match nic, causes and treatment, 25 Udder-- congestion, description and treatment, 233 contagious inflammation af
diphtheria, description, symptoms, and treatment, 464-469 19960 characters on this page
diphtheria, description, symptoms, and treatment, 464-469 dropsy-- general, cause and treatment, 180 of abdomen, description and treatment, 180 monstrosities, descriptions, causes, and treatment, 182-184 muscles, rigid contraction, cause and treatment, 181 slinking, description, 165 swelling, caused by gas, treatment, 181 tumors affecting, description and treatment, 181 Calves-- congenital imperfections, kinds, 263 indigestion affecting, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34 newborn, acute scouring, description, prevention and treatment, 261 pyemic and septicemic inflammation, symptoms and treatment, 251 young-- aphtha, or thrush, affecting, description and treatment, 233 constipation affecting, cause and treatment, 253 diseases affecting, chapter by James Law, 247-263 rickets affecting, description and treatment, 263 ulcers in mouth, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 464 Calving-- dropping and palsy following, description and treatment, 233 retarded by nervousness, 179 symptoms, 173 Canada, source of foot-and-mouth infection, 386 Cancer, description and treatment, 315 Capsule, eye, description, 342 Capsules, use in administering medicines, 8 Carbolic-acid poisoning, description and treatment, 60 Carbon dioxid, formation in preparing cattle dip, 489 Carbuncle, description, 458 Carcinoma, description and treatment, 315 Caries, teeth, description, 16 Carpus, fracture, description and treatment, 281 Cartilage, ear, necrosis affecting, 357 Caruncula lacrimalis of eye, description, 344 Casein concretions blocking teats, cause and treatment, 343 Casting the withers, cause and treatment, 215 Castration-- dangers and care, 299-301 of female, description of operation, 300 of male, description of operation, 299 Cataract, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 348 Catarrh-- description, symptoms, and treatment, 92, 93 gastrointestinal, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 32, 33 malignant, description, symptoms, and treatment, 469-472 nasal, description, symptoms, and treatment, 92 Catarrhal fever, infectious, description, symptoms, and treatment, 469-472 Cats, ear ticks on, note, 518 Cattle-- animal parasites affecting, chapter by B. H. Ransom, 502-531 dip, preparation and use, 488-494 dose of vaccine against anthrax, 459 drenching, care of lungs, 522 farcy, description and treatment, 501 infected with anthrax, description, 458 infection with sarcoptic mange, 517 infectious diseases, chapter by John R. Mohler, 358-501 infestation with tapeworm, 523 injury by use of petroleum against ticks, 494 loss of blood by inoculations, limits of safety, 500 northern, immunization against Texas fever, manner, 498 parasitic diseases, prevention, 510 plague. _See_ Rinderpest. protection from flies, formulas for mixtures, 502-503 rabies affecting, description, symptoms, etc, 402-406 southern, injury by ticks, 482 tick, _Margaropus annulatus_, as carrier of Texas fever, 480 ticks-- injurious effects of and losses caused by, 481-485 methods of ridding cattle of, 485-494 tumors affecting, chapter by John R. Mohler, 303-319 Cerebral apoplexy, description and treatment, 106 Cerebrospinal division, description, 101 Chapped teats, cause and treatment, 243 Charbon. _See_ Anthrax. Chest, dropsy affecting, description and treatment, 99 Children, infection with foot-and-mouth disease, 394 China, foot-and-mouth disease, 386 Choking, symptoms and treatment, 20 Chorioptic mange, location and treatment, 517 Choroid coat of the eye, description, 342 Chrondroma tumor, description and treatment, 314 Chronic tympanites, cause and treatment, 25 Coal-oil poisoning, description and treatment, 59 _C[oe]nurus cerebralis_ (_Multiceps multiceps_) affecting brain, treatment, 527 Coital exanthema, description, symptoms, and treatment, 401 Cold in the head, description, symptoms, and treatment, 92 Colic, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 31 Concussion of the brain, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 107 Congenital imperfections in calves, kinds, 263 Congestion-- and inflammation of testicles, description and treatment, 152 brain, description and treatment, 106 liver, description, symptoms, and treatment, 45 spinal cord, description, symptoms, and treatment, 110 bladder, description and treatment, 233 Conjunctivitis-- causes, symptoms, and treatment, 344 infectious catarrhal, symptoms, treatment and prevention, 345 Connecticut, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Constipation-- cause and treatment, 36 young calves, cause and treatment, 253 Contagious-- abortion-- causes, 165-172 prevention and treatment, 170 diseases, disinfection of premises, 363 inflammation of the udder, description, prevention, and treatment, 237 mammitis, description, prevention, and treatment, 237 pleuropneumonia-- cause, incubation, and symptoms, 369 definition and history, 366 post-mortem appearance, 373 prevention and treatment, 377 scouring, acute, in newborn calves, description, prevention, and treatment, 261 Contused or lacerated wounds, description and treatment, 298 Contusion of lips, wounds, and snake bites of mouth, symptoms and treatment, 14 Copper poisoning, description and treatment, 56 Cornea-- eye, description, 341 ulcers, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 347 Corneal dermatoma, description and treatment, 349 Corneitis, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 345 Cough, examination, 89 Cow, pregnant, hygiene, 160 Cowpox, description, symptoms, and treatment, 240, 438 Cows, milk, protection from flies, 503 Cramps of hind limbs during pregnancy, cause, 162 Cranium, fracture, description and treatment, 278 Creeps, description, symptoms, and treatment, 267 Cresol-- compound solution, composition and use, 366 use in foot-and-mouth disease, 393 Croupous enteritis, description, symptoms, and treatment, 35 Crude petroleum-- danger to cattle in use against ticks, 494 dip for destroying cattle ticks, 491 Cud, loss, description, 27 Cuts, barbed-wire, description and treatment, 297 Cyanosis, cause, 81, 253 Cysts-- dental, description and treatment, 318 dermoid-- and sebaceous, description and treatment, 330 description and treatment, 318 description, 308 extravasation, description, 317 mucous, description and treatment, 319 parasitic, description, 317 proliferation, description and treatment, 319 serous, description and treatment, 318 Dairy business, injury by foot-and-mouth disease, 384 Dandruff, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 329 Deformities, hoof, causes and treatment, 338 Dehorning, description, 292 Delaware, foot-and-mouth disease, 388 Demodectic mange, description and treatment, 517 Denmark, foot-and-mouth disease, 386 Dental cysts, description and treatment, 318 Dermis, description, 320 Dermoid cysts, description and treatment, 318, 330 Diabetes-- insipidus, cause and treatment, 118 mellitus, description, 123 Diarrhea-- and dysentery, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34 calf, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 32 causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment, 254-261 _See also_ Gastrointestinal catarrh. Dickson, William, and William H. Lowe, chapter on "Surgical operations", 289-302 Digestive organs, diseases affecting, chapter by A. J. Murray, 14-50 Dilatation and hypertrophy of heart, description, 82 Diphtheria, calf, description, cause, treatment, etc, 464-469 Dipping-- bath, cattle, temperature, 490 remedy for screw worms, 506 Dips-- arsenical, protection of hands in use, 493 cattle, for ticks, 494-498 mange and scab, 513, 514 Disinfection, house, methods, 363 Dislocation, eyeball, treatment, 353 Dislocations, bones, description and treatment, 282 Diuresis, causes and treatment, 118 Dogs, ear tick, 518 Drainage, usefulness in prevention of fluke diseases, 527 Drenching tube, use in eradicating worms, 522 Dropping, following calving, description and treatment, 233 Dropsy-- abdomen, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 47 abdomen of calf, description and treatment, 180 chest, description and treatment, 99 general, of calf, cause and treatment, 180 hind limbs and between thighs, during pregnancy, cause, 162 membranes of fetus, description and treatment 162 navel, description and treatment, 253 womb, description and treatment, 162 Dysentery-- and diarrhea, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 34 chronic bacterial, description, treatment, etc, 498 red, note, 531 _See also_ Gastrointestinal catarrh. Dyspepsia, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 29 Ear tick, spinose, presence in cattle, horses, dogs, etc, 518 Ears-- abscess affecting, treatment, 355 cartilage, necrosis affecting, 357 diseases affecting, chapter by M. R. Trumbower, 355-357 enchondroma, description and treatment, 357 foreign bodies lodging in, symptoms and treatment, 356 frostbite, symptoms and treatment, 357 fungoid growths, cause and treatment, 356 internal inflammation, symptoms and treatment, 355 lacerations, cause and treatment, 357 scurvy, cause and treatment, 356 ticks affecting, treatment, 518 _Echinococcus granulosus_, hydatid, description, 528 Ectropion of the eyelid, description and treatment, 350 Eczema-- description, causes, symptoms, and treatment, 325 epizootic, reference, 383 Edema-- causes, symptoms, and treatment, 330 malignant, description, symptoms, and treatment, 472-474 Elephantiasis, description, 330 Emaciation, symptom of foot-and-mouth disease, 383 Emphysema, description and treatment, 98, 334 Enchondroma, ear, description and treatment, 357 Encysted stomach worm, description and treatment, 523 Endocarditis, description and treatment, 81 Enemata, uses and methods, 9 Enteritis-- causes, symptoms, post-mortem appearance, and treatment, 35 croupous, description, symptoms, and treatment, 35 simple. _See_ Gastroenteritis. Entropion, eyelid, description and treatment, 350 Epidermis, description, 320 Epilepsy, description, cause, and treatment, 107 Epistaxis, cause and treatment, 93 Epizootic aphtha, reference, 383 Ergotism-- and mycotic stomatitis, differentiation, 536 description and treatment, 69 Eruption, vesicular, of genital organs, description, symptoms, and treatment, 401 Erythema, description, causes, and treatment, 323 Eversion-- bladder, description and treatment, 218 eyelid, description and treatment, 350 womb, cause and treatment, 215 Extra-uterine gestation, description and treatment, 163 Extravasation cysts, description, 317 Eye-- and its appendages, diseases affecting, chapter by M. R. Trumbower, 340-354 aqueous humor, description, 341 capsule, description, 342 caruncula, lacrimalis affecting, 344 choroid coat, description, 342 cornea-- description, 341 ulcers affecting, cause, symptoms, and treatment, 347 description, 340 foreign bodies penetrating, treatment, 351 lens, description, 342 muscles, description, 343 parasites affecting, treatment, 349, 531 puncta lacrimalia, description, 344 retina, description, 342 roundworms affecting, treatment, 524 sclerotic membrane, description, 341 vitreous humor, description, 342 Eyeball-- description, 340 dislocation, cause and treatment, 353 hairy tumor affecting, description and treatment, 349 Eyelashes, inversion, treatment, 350 Eyelids-- description, 343 ectropion affecting, description and treatment, 350 entropion, description and treatment, 350 eversion, description and treatment, 350 inversion, description and treatment, 350 laceration, cause and treatment, 351 tumors affecting, description and treatment, 350 Face bones, fracture, description and treatment, 277 Farcy, cattle, description and treatment, 501 _Fasciola hepatica_, description, 526 _Fasciola magna_, description, 526 Fatty degeneration, heart, description, 82 Feed, character, analyses, effect on milk, 256-258 Feeding-- character, effect on digestive organs, 12
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PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK Special Report on Diseases of Cattle United States Bureau of Animal Industryprimary
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