TALKS ON MANURES A SERIES OF FAMILIAR AND PRACTICAL TALKS BETWEEN THE AUTHOR AND THE DEACON, THE DOCTOR, AND OTHER NEIGHBORS, ON THE WHOLE SUBJECT
TEXT
SEARCH INSIDE THIS BOOK
44 pages
Results for ACE. Open a page to see the matches highlighted.
Page 2 4 matches
growth of root brings the plant in contact with a larger feeding surface, and enables it to take up more nitric acid from its solution in the soil. Such is also the case during the w
Page 3 2 matches
aith in good plowing, early sowing, and thorough cultivation. PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION. The Printers have got our “Talks on Manures” in type; and the publishers want a Preface.
Page 4 3 matches
n as many months. Time is required for the chemical changes to take place in the soil. But watch the effect on the clover for the next two years, and when the land is plowed again, se
Page 6 1 match
is tillage.” CHAPTER VIII. SUMMER-FALLOWING. This is not the place to discuss the merits, or demerits, of fallowing. But an intelligent Ohio farmer writes me: --“I see that you
Page 7 7 matches
eat will be produced by the slow combustion of a portion of the carbonaceous and nitrogenous matter, and the result will be a mass of material, which we should all recognize as “manur
Page 8 5 matches
ny value in the table. For instance, there is a large amount of carbonaceous matter in the manure of animals, which, for some crops, is not without value, but which is not here taken
Page 9 2 matches
s very considerable. The five tons (10,000 lbs.,) of fresh manure placed in a heap on the 3d of November, are reduced to 7,138 lbs. by the 30th of April. Of this 4,707 lbs. is water
Page 10 1 match
y manure deteriorates by being exposed to rain, spread out on the surface of the yard. The table merits careful study.” Table Showing Composition of Experimental Heap (No. III.). F
Page 11 9 matches
plow in the manure at once, or to let it lie for some time on the surface, and to give the rain full opportunity to wash it into the soil. “It appears to me a matter of the greatest
Page 12 2 matches
that he gets far more benefit from the manure when applied on the surface, and left exposed for several months, than if he plowed it under at once. I like to write and talk about Jo
Page 13 14 matches
ht the farm thirteen years ago; and much of this increase has taken place during the last five or six years, and I expect to see still greater improvement year by year. “Never mind a
Page 14 3 matches
e. 2d. When manure is allowed to lie scattered about over a large surface, it is liable to have much of its value washed out by the rain. In a compact heap of this kind, the rain or s
Page 15 6 matches
ceive from ten to twenty times as much water as would fall on the surface of the heap.” “But you do recommend piling manure and fermenting it in the open air and keeping the top flat
Page 16 3 matches
implements 65.00 Average repairs of place and buildings 175.00 Average depreciation and interest on stock 180.00 In
Page 19 4 matches
practice. We must either plow under the clover, let it rot on the surface, or pasture it, or use it for soiling, or make it into hay, feed it out to stock, and return the manure to th
Page 20 5 matches
to these crops, either by strengthening the straw, or stems of graminaceous plants, or otherwise benefiting them; but, after deducting the amount of silica from the total amount of m
Page 21 7 matches
ction, a six-inch slice cut down at a depth of 12 inches from the surface, no distinct fibres could be found. The soil was almost completely saturated with rain when it was dug up on
Page 22 8 matches
hed, when very nearly dry: Lbs. Surface, six inches 2,407,900 Next ” 2,444,200 Third ” 2,480,500 “
Page 23 1 match
nalyses of the soil show that in the first eighteen inches of the surface-soil, there was 6,550 lbs. of nitrogen per acre, on one part of the field, and 10,300 lbs. on the other part.
Page 24 3 matches
about 5 per cent of nitrogen, and is also rich in minerals and _carbonaceous matter_. It gives an increase, but not as large in proportion to the nitrogen furnished, as the sulphate o
Page 25 2 matches
t there is little danger of any loss from spreading manure on the surface, and I suppose you would have us conclude that we make a mistake in plowing it under, as the soil renders it
Page 26 5 matches
nd it to his advantage to use it largely as a top-dressing on the surface. Exposing manure to the atmosphere, spread out on the land for several months, and harrowing it occasionally,
Page 27 1 match
and important results. I was there at the time. But this is not the place to discuss the question. I am often amused, however, at the remarks we often hear in regard to the inferior q
Page 31 1 match
njured by stagnant water _in the soil_, and standing water on the surface. I think we may safely say that one-third the wheat-crop of this county (Monroe Co., N.Y.), is lost for want
Page 32 9 matches
potash, etc., was mixed with it, the ammonia, or potash, taking the place of the lime or soda. Prof. Way’s discovery, then, is not that soils have “absorptive properties”--that has b
Page 33 1 match
siderable extent. I have several times sown barley as soon as the surface-soil was thawed out five or six inches deep, but with a bed of solid frozen earth beneath. 3d. Two-rowed bar
Page 36 1 match
was applied in the spring. If the manure had been applied on the surface, instead of plowing it under, I believe the effect would have been still more in favor of the autumn-manuring
Page 38 2 matches
h a little soil, and then the superphosphate or sulphate of ammonia placed on the top and covered with soil before the seed was planted. Notwithstanding this precaution, the rain wash
Page 39 8 matches
ill not interfere with the drill. And the manure will be near the surface, where the young roots of the wheat can get hold of it. “You must recollect,” said the Doctor, “that the roo
Page 40 7 matches
case; and yet there seem to be some facts that would incline us to place Indian corn with the leguminous plants, such as clover, peas, and beans, rather than with the cereals, wheat,
Page 41 4 matches
to good food the refuse plant-food left in the soil. It is to the surface soil, what clover is to the subsoil. To the market gardener, or to a farmer who manures heavily common turnip
Page 42 1 match
e trouble is in the quality of the manure. It contains too much carbonaceous matter. In other words, it is so poor in nitrogen and phosphoric acid, that an excessive quantity has to b
Page 43 4 matches
each load of this rotted manure costs at least $5.00. H. E. Hooker places the cost of manure equally high, but seems willing to use all he can get, and does not think we can profitab
Page 44 3 matches
Some of it comes back to us in rains and dews. Of course, there are places where the sewage of our cities and villages can be used for irrigating purposes. But when water is used as f
Page 45 3 matches
acid, and potash, are largely retained in the first few inches of surface soil, and the deeper roots get hold of only those portions which leach through the upper layer of earth. Nitr
Page 46 4 matches
r thirty years’ experience in the use of these fertilizers, I would place far more confidence on a good and reliable analysis than on any actual trial I could make in the field. Testi
Page 47 2 matches
and was very light, and that you might walk over the fresh plowed surface in the wettest weather without any clay sticking to your boots: still a portion of the soil was dark in color
Page 48 9 matches
c acid by drainage. I was not at all surprised to find, that the surface soil of a wood on my farm, was poorer in nitrogen than the soil of an old permanent pasture, to which no manu
Page 49 8 matches
o dispense with railroad transportation in bringing manure to their places and marketing crops. I have noticed that one of the shrewdest gardeners invariably composts horn-shavings an
Page 50 1 match
|948 | 1.6| 5.0| 2.2| 0.4| 0.3| 0.4| 1.0| 0.4| 0.2 Sugar-beet Pomace |700 | 2.9| 11.4| 3.9| 0.9| 2.6| 0.7| 1.1| 0.4| 0.9 Clarifying Refuse |948 | 0.8| 3.3| 0.3| 0.1| 1.1| 0.2|
Page 51 1 match
of roots) | 19 | 0.24| 1.15|0.336|0.108|0.132|0.144 Pomace (15 per cent | | | | | | | of roots) | 46 | 0.44| 1.71|0.5
Page 52 3 matches
by Growing, 133-163 ” Letting it Rot on the Surface as Manure, 134 ” Nitrogen as a Manure for, 141 ” Pastu
Page 53 1 match
uperphosphate of Lime, When First Made in the United States, 324 Surface Application of Manure, 70-268 Swamp-muck,
Page 54 2 matches
con,” said he _quotation marks as in original (same speaker)_ carbonaceous matter and water, of little or no value?” _text has question mark after close quote_ It would be a very
Grape-Seeds |110 | .. | 25.0| 7.2| .. | 8.4| 2.1| 6.0| 0.6| 0.3
Horse-chestnuts, |492 |10.2| 12.0| 7.1| .. | 1.4| 0.1| 2.7| 0.3| 0.3
fresh | | | | | | | | | |
Acorns, fresh |560 | .. | 9.6| 6.2| 0.1| 0.7| 0.5| 1.4| 0.4| 0.1
XI. VARIOUS ANIMAL PRODUCTS
Cows’ Milk |875 | 5.1| 6.2| 1.5| 0.6| 1.3| 0.2| 1.7| .. | ..
Sheep |860 | 5.5| 8.4| 1.8| 0.3| 2.5| 0.1| 3.0| 0.1| 0.2
Cheese |450 |45.3| 67.4| 2.5|26.6| 6.9| 0.2|11.5| .. | ..
Ox-blood |790 |32.0| 7.5| 0.6| 3.4| 0.1| 0.1| 0.4| 0.2| 0.1
Calf-blood |800 |29.0| 7.1| 0.8| 2.9| 0.1| 0.1| 0.6| 0.1| ..
Sheep-blood |790 |32.0| 7.5| 0.5| 3.3| 0.1| 0.1| 0.4| 0.1| ..
Swine-blood |800 |29.0| 7.1| 1.5| 2.2| 0.1| 0.1| 0.9| 0.1| ..
Ox-flesh |770 |36.0| 12.6| 5.2| .. | 0.2| 0.4| 4.3| 0.4| 0.3
Calf flesh |780 |34.9| 12.0| 4.1| 1.0| 0.2| 0.2| 5.8| .. | 0.1
Swine-flesh |740 |34.7| 10.4| 3.9| 0.5| 0.8| 0.5| 4.6| .. | ..
Living Ox |597 |26.6| 46.6| 1.7| 1.4|20.8| 0.6|18.6| .. | 0.1
Living Calf |662 |25.0| 38.0| 2.4| 0.6|16.3| 0.5|13.8| .. | 0.1
Living Sheep |591 |22.4| 31.7| 1.5| 1.4|13.2| 0.4|12.8| .. | 0.2
Living Swine |528 |20.0| 21.6| 1.8| 0.2| 9.2| 0.4| 8.8| .. | ..
Eggs |672 |21.8| 61.8| 1.5| 1.4|54.0| 1.0| 3.7| 0.1| 0.1
Wool, washed |120 |94.4| 9.7| 1.8| 0.3| 2.4| 0.6| 0.3| .. | 2.5
Wool, unwashed |150 |54.0| 98.8|74.6| 1.9| 4.2| 1.6| 1.1| 4.0| 3.0
------------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----
B.--AVERAGE COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS MANURES.
W Water.
OS Organic Substance.
A Ash.
N Nitrogen.
P Potash.
S Soda.
L Lime.
M Magnesia.
PhA Phosphoric Acid.
SA Sulphuric Acid.
S&S Silica and Sand.
C&F Chlorine and Florine.
------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----
Name of | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fertilizer. | W | OS | A | N | P | S | L | M | PhA| SA |S&S |C&F
------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----
I.--Animal Excrements. | | | | | | | | |
(In 1000 parts of Manure.) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Fresh Fæces:| | | | | | | | | | | |
Horse |757 |211 | 31.6| 4.4| 3.5| 0.6| 1.5|1.2| 3.5| 0.6|19.6| 0.2
Cattle |838 |145 | 17.2| 2.9| 1.0| 0.2| 3.4|1.3| 1.7| 0.4| 7.2| 0.2
Sheep |655 |314 | 31.1| 5.5| 1.5| 1.0| 4.6|1.5| 3.1| 1.4|17.5| 0.3
Swine |820 |150 | 30.0| 6.0| 2.6| 2.5| 0.9|1.0| 4.1| 0.4|15.0| 0.3
Fresh Urine: | | | | | | | | | | |
Horse |901 | 71 | 28.0|15.5|15.0| 2.5| 4.5|2.4| .. | 0.6| 0.8| 1.5
Cattle |938 | 35 | 27.4| 5.8| 4.9| 6.4| 0.1|0.4| .. | 1.3| 0.3| 3.8
Sheep |872 | 83 | 45.2|19.5|22.6| 5.4| 1.6|3.4| 0.1| 3.0| 0.1| 6.5
Swine |967 | 28 | 15.0| 4.3| 8.3| 2.1| .. |0.8| 0.7| 0.8| .. | 2.3
Fresh Dung (with straw:)* | | | | | | | | |
Horse |713 |254 | 32.6| 5.8| 5.3| 1.0| 2.1|1.4| 2.8| 0.7|17.7| 0.4
Cattle |775 |203 | 21.8| 3.4| 4.0| 1.4| 3.1|1.1| 1.6| 0.6| 8.5| 1.0
Sheep |646 |318 | 35.6| 8.3| 6.7| 2.2| 3.3|1.8| 2.3| 1.5|14.7| 1.7
Swine |724 |250 | 25.6| 4.5| 6.0| 2.0| 0.8|0.9| 1.9| 0.8|10.8| 1.7
Common Barn-yard Manure: | | | | | | | | |
Fresh |710 |246 | 44.1| 4.5| 5.2| 1.5| 5.7|1.4| 2.1| 1.2|12.5| 1.5
Moderately| | | | | | | | | | | |
rotted |750 |192 | 58.0| 5.0| 6.3| 1.9| 7.0|1.8| 2.6| 1.6|16.8| 1.9
Thoroughly| | | | | | | | | | | |
rotted |790 |145 | 65.0| 5.8| 5.0| 1.3| 8.8|1.8| 3.0| 1.3|17.0| 1.6
Drainage from Barn-yard | | | | | | | | |
Manure |982 | 7 | 10.7| 1.5| 4.9| 1.0| 0.3|0.4| 0.1| 0.7| 0.2| 1.2
Human Fæces,| | | | | | | | | | | |
fresh |772 |198 | 29.9|10.0| 2.5| 1.6| 6.2|3.6|10.9| 0.8| 1.9| 0.4
” Urine,| | | | | | | | | | | |
” |963 | 24 | 13.5| 6.0| 2.0| 4.6| 0.2|0.2| 1.7| 0.4| .. | 5.0
Mixed human excrements, | | | | | | | | |
fresh |933 | 51 | 16.0| 7.0| 2.1| 3.8| 0.9|0.6| 2.6| 0.5| 0.2| 4.0
Mixed human excrements, mostly | | | | | | | |
liquid |955 | 30 | 15.0| 3.5| 2.0| 3.0| 1.0|0.6| 2.8| 0.4| 0.2| 4.3
Dove Manure,| | | | | | | | | | | |
fresh |519 |308 |173.0|17.6|10.0| 0.7|16.0|5.0|17.8| 3.3|20.2| ..
Hen ” ” |560 |255 |185.0|16.3| 8.5| 1.0|24.0|7.4|15.4| 4.5|35.2| ..
Duck ” ” |566 |262 |172.0|10.0| 6.2| 0.5|17.0|3.5|14.0| 3.5|28.0| ..
Geese ” ” |771 |134 | 95.0| 5.5| 9.5| 1.3| 8.4|2.0| 5.4| 1.4|14.0| ..
| | | | | | | | | | | |
II.--Commercial Manures. | | | | | | | | |
(In 100 parts of Fertilizer.) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Peruvian | | | | | | | | | | | |
Guano |14.8|51.4| 33.8|13.0| 2.3| 1.4|11.0|1.2|13.0| 1.0| 1.7| 1.3
Norway | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fish-Guano|12.6|53.4| 34.0| 9.0| 0.3| 0.9|15.4|0.6|13.5| 0.3| 1.6| 1.1
Poudrette |24.0|27.0| 49.0| 2.0| 0.9| 1.0|18.6|0.5| 2.1| 1.0| 5.4| 1.5
Pulverized Dead | | | | | | | | | | |
Animals | 5.7|56.9| 37.4| 6.5| 0.3| 0.8|18.2|0.4|13.9| 1.0| 1.7| 0.2
Flesh-Meal |27.8|56.6| 15.6| 9.7| .. | .. | 7.0|0.3| 6.3| 0.1| 1.1| ..
Dried Blood |14.0|79.0| 7.0|11.7| 0.7| 0.6| 0.7|0.1| 1.0| 0.4| 2.1| 0.4
Horn-Meal and | | | | | | | | | | |
Shavings| 8.5|68.5| 25.0|10.2| .. | .. | 6.6|0.3| 5.5| 0.9|11.0| ..
Bone-Meal | 6.0|33.3| 60.7| 3.8| 0.2| 0.3|31.3|1.0|23.2| 0.1| 3.5| 0.3
Bone-Meal from solid | | | | | | | | | |
parts | 5.0|31.5| 63.5| 3.5| 0.1| 0.2|33.0|1.0|25.2| 0.1| 3.0| 0.2
Bone-Meal from soft | | | | | | | | | |
parts | 7.0|37.3| 55.7| 4.0| 0.2| 0.3|29.0|1.0|20.0| 0.1| 3.5| 0.2
Bone-black, before | | | | | | | | | |
used | 6.0|10.0| 84.0| 1.0| 0.1| 0.3|43.0|1.1|32.0| 0.4| 5.0| ..
Bone-black, | | | | | | | | | | | |
spent |10.0| 6.0| 84.0| 0.5| 0.1| 0.2|37.0|1.1|26.0| 0.4|15.0| ..
Bone ash | 6.0| 3.0| 91.0| .. | 0.3| 0.6|46.0|1.2|35.4| 0.4| 6.5| ..
Baker Guano |10.0| 9.2| 81.0| 0.5| 0.2| 1.2|41.5|1.5|34.8| 1.5| 0.8| 0.3
Jarvis Guano|11.8| 8.2| 80.0| 0.4| 0.4| 0.3|39.1|0.5|20.6|18.0| 0.5| 0.2
Estremadura | | | | | | | | | | | |
Apatite | 0.6| .. | .. | .. | 0.7| 0.3|48.1|0.1|37.6| 0.2| 9.0| 1.5
Sombrero | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate | 8.5| .. | 91.5| 0.1| .. | 0.8|43.5|0.6|35.0| 0.5| 1.0| 0.6
Navassa | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate | 2.6| 5.4| 92.0| 0.1| .. | .. |37.5|0.6|33.2| 0.5| 5.0| 0.1
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
rich | 2.6| .. | 97.4| .. | 0.8| 0.4|45.1|0.2|33.0| 0.3| 5.5| 3.1
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
medium | 2.5| .. | 97.5| .. | 0.7| 0.4|40.1|0.2|24.1| .. |20.8| 1.5
Westphalian Phos-| | | | | | | | | | |
phorite | 6.5| 1.6| 91.8| .. | .. | .. |21.8|0.9|19.7| 1.0|22.0| 1.6
Hanover Phos- | | | | | | | | | | |
phorite | 2.0| 3.5| 94.5| .. | .. | .. |37.2|0.2|29.2| 0.5| 3.3| 1.5
Coprolites | 4.3| .. | 95.7| .. | 1.0| 0.5|45.4|1.0|26.4| 0.8| 7.5| 0.1
Sulphate of | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ammonia | 4.0| .. | .. |20.0| .. | .. | 0.5| ..| .. |58.0| 3.0| 1.4
Nitrate of | | | | | | | | | | | |
Soda | 2.6| .. | .. |15.5| .. |35.0| 0.2| ..| .. | 0.7| 1.5| 1.7
Wool-dust and | | | | | | | | | | |
offal |10.0|56.0| 34.0| 5.2| 0.3| 0.1| 1.4|0.3| 1.3| 0.5|29.0| 0.2
Lime-cake | 6.5|47.0| 46.5| 3.1| .. | .. |20.5|2.4| 3.0| .. | 8.0| ..
Whale-oil | | | | | | | | | | | |
refuse |23.0|68.4| 8.6| 5.7| .. | .. | 3.0|0.2| 2.3| .. | 3.0| ..
Common Salt | 5.0| .. | 95.0| .. | .. |44.3| 1.2|0.2| .. | 1.4| 2.0|48.2
Gypsum or | | | | | | | | | | | |
Plaster |20.0| .. | 80.8| .. | .. | .. |31.0|0.1| .. |44.0| 4.0| ..
Gas-lime | 7.0| 1.3| 91.7| 0.4| 0.2| .. |64.5|1.5| .. |12.5| 3.0| ..
Sugar-House | | | | | | | | | | | |
Scum |34.5|24.5| 41.0| 1.2| 0.2| 0.6|20.7|0.3| 1.5| 0.3| 9.1| 0.1
Leached wood| | | | | | | | | | | |
ashes |20.0| 5.0| 75.0| .. | 2.5| 1.3|24.5|2.5| 6.0| 0.3|20.0| ..
Wood-soot | 5.0|71.8| 23.2| 1.3| 2.4| 0.5|10.0|1.5| 0.4| 0.3| 4.0| ..
Coal-soot | 5.0|70.2| 24.8| 2.5| 0.1| .. | 4.0|1.5| .. | 1.7|16.0| ..
Ashes from Deciduous | | | | | | | | | |
trees | 5.0| 5.0| 90.0| .. |10.0| 2.5|30.0|5.0| 6.5| 1.6|18.0| 0.3
Ashes from Evergreen | | | | | | | | | |
trees | 5.0| 5.0| 90.0| .. | 6.0| 2.0|35.0|6.0| 4.5| 1.6|18.0| 0.3
Peat-ashes | 5.0| .. | 95.0| .. | 1.5| 0.8| ? |1.5| 0.6| 1.3| ? | 0.2
Bituminous | | | | | | | | | | | |
coal-ashes| 5.0| .. | 95.0| .. | 0.5| 0.4| ? |3.2| 0.2| 3.5| ? | ..
Anthracite | | | | | | | | | | | |
coal-ashes| 5.0| 5.0| 90.0| .. | 0.1| 0.1| ? |3.0| 0.1| 5.0| ? | ..
| | | | | | | | | | | |
III. Superphosphate, from | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Peruvian | | | | | | | | | | | |
Guano |16.0|41.9| 42.1|10.0| 2.0| 1.2| 9.5|1.0|10.5|15.0| 1.5| 1.1
Baker Guano |15.0| 6.2| 78.8| 0.3| 0.1| 0.8|25.9|0.9|21.8|28.5| 0.9| 0.2
Estremadura | | | | | | | | | | | |
Apatite |15.0| .. | 85.0| .. | 0.4| 0.2|28.2|0.1|22.1|28.5| 5.3| 0.9
Sombrero | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate |15.0| .. | 85.0| .. | .. | 0.5|26.4|0.4|20.2|25.5| 0.6| 0.4
Navassa | | | | | | | | | | | |
Phosphate |15.0| 2.5| 82.5| .. | .. | ? |17.0|0.3|15.4|19.5| 2.3| ?
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
rich |15.0| .. |85.0 | .. | 0.5| 0.2|26.5|0.1|19.4|25.5| 3.2| 1.8
Nassau Phosphorite, | | | | | | | | | |
medium |12.0| .. |88.0 | .. | 0.3| 0.1|24.2|0.1|16.6|19.5|13.5| 1.3
Bone-black |15.0| 8.0|77.0 | 0.3| .. | 0.1|25.0|0.7|16.2|21.0| 9.3| ..
Bone-Meal |13.0|23.8|63.2 | 2.0| 0.1| 0.2|22.4|0.7|16.6|19.5| 2.5| 0.2
Phospho-guano (manu- | | | | | | | | | |
factured.)|15.5|13.0|80.3 | 3.3| 0.3| 0.4|24.0| ..|20.5|28.8| 3.0| 0.9
------------+----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+---+----+----+----+----
* It is estimated that in the case of horses, cattle, and swine,
one-third of the urine drains away. The following is the amount of
wheat-straw used daily as bedding for each animal. Horse, 6 lbs.;
Cattle, 8 lbs.; Swine, 4 lbs., and sheep, 0.6 lbs.
2.--TABLE SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF INGREDIENTS IN SOME
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES.
DS Dry Substance.
N Nitrogen.
A Ash.
P Potash.
L Lime.
M Magnesia.
PhA Phosphoric Acid.
----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
Name of Material. | DS | N | A | P | L | M | PhA
----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
1.--Brewing. | lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.
1000 lbs. Barley, contain |855 | 15.2|22.23|4.48 |0.58 |1.92 |7.71
15 ” Hops ” | 13.2| .. | 1.00|0.345|0.167|0.056|0.168
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Water | .. | .. | 1.23|0.852|0.039|0.045|0.234
Malt-Sprouts | 33 | 1.38| 2.43|0.749|0.069|0.066|0.653
Brewers’ Grains |269 | 8.74|13.08|0.580|1.474|1.134|3.631
Spent Hops | 9 | .. | 0.54|0.032|0.160|0.055|0.062
Yeast | 30 | 2.94| 2.27|0.643|0.097|0.185|1.349
Beer | .. | 2.14| 3.65|1.998| .. |0.484|0.939
| | | | | | |
2.--Distillery. | | | | | | |
a. 1000 lbs. Potatoes, | | | | | | |
contain |250 | 3.2 | 9.43|5.69 | 0.24|0.44 |1.63
40 ” Kiln-Malt | 37 | 0.56| 1.06|0.184|0.040|0.088|0.388
20 ” Yeast-Malt | 18.5| 0.28| 0.53|0.092|0.020|0.044|0.194
The Slump, contains |125 | 4.04|11.02|5.966|0.300|0.572|2.212
(b.) Grain Spirits. | | | | | | |
800 lbs. Rye, contain |684 |14.08|14.32|4.501|0.376|1.648|6.710
200 ” Kiln-Malt, contain |184 | 2.82| 5.12|0.883|0.195|0.429|1.526
50 ” Yeast-Malt, ” | 46 | 0.71| 1.28|0.221|0.049|0.107|0.382
The Slump, contains |443 |17.61|20.72|5.605|0.620|2.184|8.618
| | | | | | |
3.--Yeast Manufacture. | | | | | | |
700 lbs. bruised Rye, | | | | | | |
contain |599 |12.32|12.53|3.941|0.329|1.444|5.876
300 ” Barley-Malt, ” |276 | 4.23| 7.67|1.325|0.293|0.643|2.801
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Yeast | 45 | 4.60| 3.41|1.273|0.192|0.367|2.672
Grains and Slump |325 |11.95|16.79|3.993|0.430|1.720|6.005
| | | | | | |
4.--Starch Manufacture. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Potatoes, contain |250 | 3.20| 9.43|5.69 |0.24 |0.44 |1.63
The remains in the Fibre | 75 | 0.60| 0.51|0.086|0.266|0.042|0.133
” ” ” Water | 45 | 2.60| 8.89|5.604| .. |0.398|1.497
| | | | | | |
5.--Milling. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Wheat, contain |857 |20.80|16.88|5.26 |0.57 |2.02 |7.94
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Flour (77.5 per cent) |664 |14.65| 5.50|1.980|0.154|0.458|2.862
Mill-feed ( 6.5 ” ) | 58 | 1.64| 1.80|0.648|0.050|0.148|0.936
Bran (16.0 ” ) |135 | 4.51| 9.60|2.762|0.396|1.394|4.102
| | | | | | |
6.--Cheese-Making. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Milk, contain |125 | 4.80| 6.10|1.505|1.333|0.186|1.735
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Cheese | 65 | 4.53| 2.84|0.247|0.687|0.028|1.515
Whey | 60 | 0.27| 3.26|1.258|0.646|0.158|0.584
| | | | | | |
7.--Beet-Sugar Manufacture. | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Roots, contain |184 | 1.60| 7.10|3.914|0.379|0.536|0.780
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
Tops and Tails (12 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 19 | 0.24| 1.15|0.336|0.108|0.132|0.144
Pomace (15 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 46 | 0.44| 1.71|0.585|0.390|0.105|0.165
Skimmings (4 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 24 | 0.60| 1.20|0.380|8.640|0.240|0.384
Molasses (3 per cent | | | | | | |
of roots) | 25 | 0.32| 2.47|1.741|0.141|0.009|0.015
Sugar and loss | 85 | .. | 0.57|0.872| .. |0.040|0.072
| | | | | | |
8. Flax Dressing. | | | | | | |
1000 lbs. Flax-Stalks, | | | | | | |
contain |860 | .. |30.36|9.426|6.751|1.995|3.990
Distribution of the Ingredients: | | | | |
In the Water |215 | .. |25.15|9.175|4.100|1.850|3.400
Stems or Husks |460 | .. | 4.03|0.171|2.052|0.096|0.474
Flax and Tow |155 | .. | 1.22|0.054|0.648|0.054|0.126
----------------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----
INDEX.
Absorptive Powers of Soils, 217
Ammonia Absorbed by Soil from the Atmosphere, 219
Ammonia and Superphosphate, 242
” and Weeds, 254
” Converted into Nitric Acid in the Soil, 313
” for Oats, 253-254
” for Potatoes, 261
” for Wheat, 192-213
” in Fresh Horse-dung, 96
” in Limed and Unlimed Soils, 220
” in the Soil Liberated by Lime, 221
” Locked Up in the Soil, 221
” Loss of by Fermenting Manure, 98
” on Grass Land, 273
” Potential, 31
” Quantity of to Produce One Bushel of Wheat, 211-212
” Required to Produce a Bushel of Barley, 240-242
” Retained by the Soil, 218
” Salts, Composition of, 312
” ” How to Apply, 286-312
” ” for Private Gardens, 297
Anderson, J. M. B., Letter from, 345
Animals, Composition of Manure from Different, 306
” What They Remove from the Food, 301
Apple Trees, Nitrate of Soda for, 314
Artificial Manures, Will They Pay, 214
Ashes, Burnt Earth, 72
” Coal, 72
” for Barley, 241
” for Indian Corn, 279
” for Oats, 253
” for Potatoes, 259
” of Manure for Wheat, 173
” on Long Island, 346
” Plaster and Hen-dung for Potatoes, 255
” Wood, 104
Barley After Ten Crops of Turnips, 250
” a Large Yield of, 242
” and Clover after a heavily-manured Root-crop, 287
” Best Soil for, 227
” Cost of Raising With and Without Manure, 245
” Lawes’ and Gilbert’s Experiments on, 227
” Potash Increases the Crop of at Rothamsted, 329
” Profits of Raising in Poor Seasons, 243
” Quality and Price of, 242
” Yield Per Acre, 11
SOURCES & PROVENANCE
1 listed
This page is an AI-organised index. The label means the grouping and cross-links were compiled with AI; the information itself comes from the public-domain books, reports and manuals listed below. Open any source to read the local copy or follow the link to the original publication.
PUBLIC-DOMAIN BOOK
Talks on Manures A Series of Familiar and Practical Talks Between the Author and the Deacon, the Doctor, and Other Neighbors, on the Whole Subject
primary
Full text in the local archive
Bibliographic record from the archive catalogue.